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外媒:轟20隱轟外形或已曝光,能夠超音速飛行,比美國B-2更先進 – 有海水的地方就有中國人

外媒:轟20隱轟外形或已曝光,能夠超音速飛行,比美國B-2更先進

外媒:轟20隱轟外形或已曝光,能夠超音速飛行,比美國B-2更先進
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在“福建”号航母下水进行舾装工作,双座版的歼-20S隐身战斗机刷上隐身涂层开始试飞之后,目前中国军迷最关心的无疑是轰-20隐身战略轰炸机了。当然,除了中国军迷之外,美国方面也对轰-20隐轰的情况十分关心。毕竟,目前世界上也只有美国装备的隐身战略轰炸机,如果中国的轰-20隐轰顺利诞生并正式服役,那么美国对华军事优势又将被大幅削弱,严重动摇美国的全球军事霸权。



美国著名军事网站《战区》根据最新出现的照片认为,中国的轰-20隐身战略轰炸机可能和美国方面之前所预测的有较大的不同。首先是疑似轰-20隐轰的小比例金属模型风洞试验,这架疑似轰-20隐轰风洞模型采用了可变垂尾设计,证明该机在低速起飞和低速飞行时,可以将垂尾竖起来为飞翼布局提供更大的控制力矩,提升其整体操纵性。而在高速飞行时,则可以将可变垂尾放下至与机身齐平的位置,提升其飞行速度,整体性能比美国的B-2隐身战略轰炸机更加先进。





此外,这个模型采用了双折线式飞翼设计布局,拥有比美国B-2隐轰、B-21隐轰更大的机翼后掠角,很明显是考虑到了超音速飞行的需要。美国的B-2隐轰只能够进行高亚音速飞行,这在很多人的脑海中留下了“飞翼布局=不能超音速飞行”的印象。但从此次曝光的疑似轰-20隐轰的风洞模型上来看,美媒认为中国的轰-20隐轰将具备超音速飞行能力。



这些疑似轰-20隐轰风洞模型的照片,在设计上和另一张运-20战略运输机搭载轰-20隐轰模型的照片正好能够对应上。在这张照片中,一架外形与风洞模型基本相似的轰-20隐轰模型正架设在运-20的机背上。这架轰-20隐轰的细节更多,除了可以清楚看见部署在机身上方背部两侧的发动机进气道采用了DSI鼓包设计,并且发动机尾喷口延长与机身融为一体,既可以充分冷却发动机尾焰,同时还能够通过机身来遮挡一部分发动机尾焰,降低整体红外特征。同时,这架轰-20隐轰模型驾驶舱采用了6块观察窗设计,证明这并不是一架无人隐身轰炸机,仍然是一款有人驾驶战机。



但是目前的轰-6中型轰炸机尚且无法由运-20战略运输机进行搭载,更不要说是轰-20隐轰了。所以,美媒认为,轰-20隐身轰炸机目前至少有两个不同的型号,一个型号是大型洲际战略轰炸机,另一个型号则是体格更小的型号,用于执行其他类型的作战任务。

美媒拿着这些照片对中国军用航空专家安德烈亚斯·鲁普雷希特进行了采访,安德烈亚斯·鲁普雷希特认为,虽然目前曝光的这些照片还不能确定就和轰-20隐轰有关系,但是至少在某些设计方面有一定的联系,这也是中国官方的通用做法,通过放出一些照片来透露自己的一些设计。



可变垂尾设计确实能够有效提升飞翼布局战机的操纵性能,并兼顾超音速飞行和亚音速飞行的需要。此外,大后掠翼飞翼布局设计在技术上也是可行的,所以安德烈亚斯·鲁普雷希特认为中国的轰-20隐轰应该确实采用了可变垂尾设计,并具备了超音速飞行能力。

此外,美媒还发现,涉军企业美联航空近期放出了和解放军空军代表的合影,在合影中同样出现了疑似轰-20隐轰的模型。考虑到美联航空涉军企业的身份以及空军代表的现身,让这个轰-20隐轰的模型可信度又提升了不少。而照片中的轰-20隐轰模型,明显也采用了双折线式飞翼设计布局和可变垂尾设计,正好能够和目前其他的轰-20隐轰模型设计对应上,进一步增加了可信度。



作为一款几十年前设计的隐身战略轰炸机,B-2隐轰虽然性能先进,但是部分设计确实已经落伍了。通过操控可控襟翼、差速板和发动机推力来控制飞行姿态虽然可以最大限度保证其隐身外形,但是也导致了B-2隐轰的整体操纵性能较差,在高速飞行姿态下的稳定性不足等问题。对于我们来说,这就是一个需要避开的教训。



除了美媒提及的各种特征外,我们还可以发现这些疑似轰-20隐轰模型的机身长度都明显比美国的B-2隐轰要更长一些,这也是一个非常符合中国目前实际情况的设计。B-2隐轰诞生之初,大型远程空地导弹的尺寸还没有那么大。而现在中国已经装备了空射高超音速导弹这类大尺寸精确制导弹药,轰-20隐轰的弹仓尺寸自然也要进行相应的调整,这也就证明了,轰-20隐轰将拥有比B-2隐轰更强的攻击能力。



其次,解放军对涉军企业相关宣传的审核都是十分小心的,美联航空能够发布相应的照片并且没有被删除,证明已经通过了保密部门的相关许可。所以,美联航空照片中的轰-20隐轰模型可信度也很高。

至于超音速飞行能力,个人认为也属于我们目前的一种“刚需”。因为随着现代反隐身技术的不断发展,只拥有隐身性能显然还是有一些不够,如果搭配上超音速飞行能力,那么轰-20隐轰的整体生存性和威慑能力也将更高。



和美国的B-2隐轰不同,中国的轰-20隐轰除了需要执行战略威慑任务外,还很有可能需要执行常规远程轰炸任务,比如搭载空射反舰弹道导弹、空射高超音速导弹攻击在大洋深处游弋的美军航母战斗群。在这种情况下,拥有超音速飞行能力的轰-20隐轰,不仅能够更快地赶赴战区,还能够及时远离美军航母的防空拦截圈,具有很强的实战意义。

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