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哈薩克斯坦切斷俄白貨運通道後,又做出不友好決定,恐激怒俄羅斯 – 有海水的地方就有中國人

哈薩克斯坦切斷俄白貨運通道後,又做出不友好決定,恐激怒俄羅斯

哈薩克斯坦切斷俄白貨運通道後,又做出不友好決定,恐激怒俄羅斯
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日前,作为俄罗斯主导的集安组织主要成员的哈萨克斯坦,决定禁止俄罗斯和白俄罗斯两国受欧盟制裁的货物过境。而在此之前,哈萨克斯坦还宣布增加对欧盟的石油出口数量。托卡耶夫做出的这些决定,显然将自己置于俄罗斯的对立面。

即便如此,俄总统新闻秘书佩斯科夫日前还公开表示:“哈萨克斯坦没有参与西方的对俄制裁,该国还是俄罗斯的友好国家”。不过,即使俄方对哈国的一些所为采取息事宁人的姿态,但哈萨克斯坦仍然在继续释放对俄罗斯不友好的决定和姿态。

据澎湃新闻报道,哈萨克斯坦总统托卡耶夫日前签署法令,宣布该国将退出1995年签署的独联体跨国货币委员会协议。根据该国媒体报道,该法令已经生效。这就意味着,哈萨克斯坦现在已经不再是该协议的成员了。

于1995年5月签署、2013年10月24日在明斯克制定建立的独联体跨国货币委员会协议,是独联体国家为了协调《关于建立独联体成员支付联盟协定》成员国的货币和外币政策。该委员会成员有俄罗斯、哈萨克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、塔吉克斯坦和乌兹别克斯坦等11个成员国。

哈萨克斯坦决意退出这一联盟,意味着该国正在朝与俄罗斯脱钩的方向迈进。当然,哈萨克斯坦作为一个主权国家,加入或者退出某些多国联盟都是它的自由。但问题是哈萨克斯坦在这个敏感时刻退出该协议,很难不让俄罗斯产生其他想法。

哈萨克斯坦不久前宣布增加对欧盟的石油出口,本来就导致该国与俄罗斯之间的关系出现分歧。之后该国又宣布禁止受欧盟制裁的俄白两国商品过境,态度又表现得更加明显一些。现如今,哈萨克斯坦再次宣布退出独联体跨国货币协议,堪称动作频频。

对于哈萨克斯坦近期一连串举动,莫斯科方面虽然还没有将其列入“不友好国家和地区”,但这并不意味着普京政府就会坐视对方挑衅自身的利益。就在哈萨克斯坦宣布禁止受欧盟制裁货物过境该国的决定之后,俄罗斯一家地方法院随后就宣布,出于对环境保护的需要,要求哈萨克斯坦经里海通往欧洲的输油管,暂停运营30天。

根据公开信息显示,哈萨克斯坦目前超过80%石油出口需要通过位于俄罗斯南部港口城市新罗西斯克的码头。俄罗斯做出这一决定,等于让哈萨克斯坦出口欧盟石油总量的80%,无法通过俄南部城市港口输送。这实际上就等于说哈国增加对欧石油出口的举动,已经在俄罗斯这里被卡了。

有消息认为,俄罗斯宣布暂停哈国通往里海输油管道停运,就等于是在掐住该国石油出口的“命脉”。显然,俄罗斯虽说还没有公开与哈萨克斯坦翻脸,但实质上已经出手对该国进行反制。石油出口主要通道被卡、加之哈国境内最大的油田日前发生大爆炸,这将给该国的能源出口带来致命性影响。

显然,俄方的这一反制措施,不仅仅只是会导致哈国石油出口遭受重创,同时对依赖石油出口支撑经济发展的哈萨克斯坦来说,打击是非常致命的。而哈萨克斯坦这时候非但不打算回头,反而通过退出独联体跨国货币协议等举措,继续表达自己的不满,令俄哈关系充满不确定性,对两国来说都不是什么好事。

目前,俄罗斯仅仅只是采取一种警告性惩罚,以莫斯科方面在中亚地区的影响力,如果他们要在哈国内挑事,恐怕比美国和西方更容易也更致命。哈萨克斯坦一旦因经济和安全环境受到严重影响,再次爆发类似与去年的骚乱事件,托卡耶夫恐将付出严重的政治代价。

可以说,托卡耶夫选择这个时间点与俄罗斯拉开距离,就是瞅准了俄罗斯当下面临俄乌冲突,无暇分身。但是,俄罗斯不可能永远陷在乌克兰的战局中,未来一旦抽出身来,哈萨克斯坦怎么办?

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