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印度這次下了血本,要搶中國世界工廠寶座,來開廠就送10億美元 – 有海水的地方就有中國人

印度這次下了血本,要搶中國世界工廠寶座,來開廠就送10億美元

印度這次下了血本,要搶中國世界工廠寶座,來開廠就送10億美元
2,251

 印度近些年来发展速度比较快,经济总量已经跻身世界前十。但这是建立在印度庞大的人口和粗放型发展之上的,如果未来印度想要提高发展的质量与速度,就必须提高工业领域的水平。近期,印度政府也认识到了这一点,开始以一种匪夷所思的计划吸引外国企业。

  

  据路透社新德里近日报道,两名印度官员表示,印度政府计划向每家赴印度设立芯片制造部门的公司提供约10亿美元(1美元约合6.6元人民币)现金。另据透露,印度正谋求建立自己的智能手机组装行业,并加强电子产品供应链。

  

  报道夸耀了印度总理莫迪的“印度制造”政策,称这一政策已经帮助印度成为了世界第二大手机产地,仅次于中国。目前印度政府正计划吸引芯片公司来印度建设工厂。一位政府高级官员向路透社表示,印度“政府将给予每家设立芯片制造业务的公司超过10亿美元的现金奖励”,并且还向这些企业保证会购买他们的芯片。

  

  印度这次看似下了血本,只要来开厂就送10亿美元,但实际上不过是杯水车薪于事无补罢了,中国世界工厂的地位不会被印度这样夺去。首先,芯片行业的特性决定了印度难以靠10亿美元就吸引来企业投资。芯片行业是一个对人才要求特别高的行业,没有相当完备的人才培养流程是根本无法发展起来的,即便是相对简单的制造也需要高端的人才。但印度在软件领域还是有一定优势,但在硬件设计与制造领域,目前显然没有这样的人才储备。限制这些企业去印度设立工厂的最大阻碍,便是很难招到合适的员工。

  

  并且,10亿美元看似很多,但对芯片行业来讲不过是杯水车薪。芯片制造相当“烧钱”,每次建成与投产都要花费大量的精力与金钱。目前芯片制造厂比较拿得出手的是三星、台积电和英特尔,其中市值最低的台积电也有6472亿美元的市值,区区10亿美元,难以吸引这些企业。

  从中也可以看出印度政府制定政策时的好高骛远。必须要明确的一点是,中国的芯片行业落后的确落后,但那是相对于世界领先水平而言的,况且也只是在高端芯片领域落后。而在中低端的芯片领域,中国芯片行业还是有一定市场份额的。中国目前的芯片水平尽管与三星、英特尔、台积电的差距很大,但是走的是从低端向中端再向高端的发展历程,未来早晚有追上他们的时候。印度刚刚起步,就制定了如此宏大的计划,实在令人难以相信。中国的成功经验无法直接套用在印度上,但是印度一直觉得中国可以我也可以,如今又要在芯片行业复制这一逻辑,其真实效果可想而知。

  

  况且芯片制造并不是一个孤立的行业,它需要与相当多的其他行业配合才行。诸如圆晶厂、设计厂等等,涉及到各种各样的制造机器、化学材料、半导体材料,是一个庞大又复杂的产业链。印度只打算引进芯片制造厂,无疑是没有考虑到这一点。此番看似慷慨的计划,必将成为无源之水无根之木。

  中国有脚踏实地的发展规划,印度有吗?中国有前赴后继的技术人员,印度有吗?中国有踊跃投资的多方企业,印度有吗?对于芯片制造领域来讲,这些因素缺一不可。印度政府此番盲目投资,究竟是博人眼球还是无知者无畏,留待日后检验吧。

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