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中國有高超音速子彈了?4000米/秒,11倍音速?感覺不可能 – 有海水的地方就有中國人

中國有高超音速子彈了?4000米/秒,11倍音速?感覺不可能

中國有高超音速子彈了?4000米/秒,11倍音速?感覺不可能
2,648

香港《南华早报》昨天发表一篇文章,称中国军医一项最新研究发现,用高达1000米/秒-3000米/秒的子弹射击猪腿时,子弹会穿过猪腿;而用4000米/秒的子弹射击时,反而不能穿过猪腿。

我的第一个反应就是,什么?4000米/秒的子弹,11倍音速,中国竟然研制出如此快的枪支了,还用来射击猪腿做实验了,这绝对是一个革命性的进步,并且绝对是全球第一。但看完文章后,却觉得有些狐疑,这究竟是真的还是假的啊?

然后《中时新闻网》以《1秒4000米,陆实测高超音速子弹杀伤力太惊人》转发了这篇文章,但在其他中文媒体上,我暂时还没有看到类似的描述。

文章中,重庆陆军医疗中心王建民领导的团队,在中国兵工学会旗下刊物《兵工学报》上发表了一篇论文,称团队向被注射了镇静剂的猪发射5毫米的钢弹,以评估高超音速子弹对人体的影响,结果未能造成猪只的死亡,但冲击波却导致它们全身重伤,包括多器官广泛受损,主要是骨折和肠、膀胱,肺和脑部出血等。

在试验6个小时后,研究人员对猪只实施了安乐死以进行解剖,结果发现,子弹以1000米/秒-3000米/秒的速度射击猪腿时,会穿过猪腿;但用4000米/秒的子弹射击时,反而不能穿过猪腿,而是在击中处出现一个类似火山口的大洞。

进一步的研究表明,这是因为子弹在超高速下温度可能已接近熔点,击中猪的时候,已经像着火了,子弹因承受巨大的力量而熔解崩裂,因而留下火山样的巨大伤口,以及大量组织的飞溅。

是不是极为惊人?因为按照这篇文章所说,中国已经有秒速4000米,即11倍音速的枪支了,或至少拥有将一颗5毫米的钢弹加速到11倍音速的技术,所以才能用来在医院开展武器创伤的研究。

但我搜了一下,目前世界上公认的最快子弹,是美国温彻斯特连发武器公司1935年推出的.220 Swift步枪,使用1.9 克子弹和2.7 克装药,可以达到1422米/秒,也就是4.2倍音速。还有一些不太出名的,子弹速度大致也在1200米/秒、1300米/秒左右,相当于3-4倍音速。

目前最快的子弹都才只有4.2倍音速,11倍音速的子弹肯定就是革命性的了,全球第一无疑。但这有可能是根本做不到的,因为飞行物体受到的阻力与其速度平方成正比,阻力越大,摩擦产生的热量就越高,会导致物体温度急剧升高。

比如5马赫的物体,其承受的阻力就是1马赫的25倍,11马赫的,就是1马赫的121倍。我在网上找到了一些数据,包括《科学美国人》杂志的一篇文章,里面有这样一些描述:

飞行物体马赫数为2时,机头温度会超过100℃。

马赫数为3时,飞行器表面的温度会升至350℃左右。

美国的X-15试验战机,速度可达6.72马赫,其机身表面达到1200度。

飞行速度达到8马赫时,飞行器的头锥部位温度可达1800℃,其它部位的温度也在600℃以上。

以10马赫或以上速度飞行的助推滑翔武器,其前缘可以持续达到2,000 开尔文以上的温度。

高超声速飞行器在高层大气中飞行时,与空气剧烈摩擦会产生大量热量,导致机体温度急剧升高,当速度超过10马赫时,表面最高温度可达2400℃以上。

从上面这些描述可以看出,飞行速度超过10倍音速,物体表面温度就可能超过2000度,而钢的熔点是1500度,所以把它做成5毫米的子弹,超过11倍音速可能很快就会熔化,这倒和研究中所称熔解崩塌较为吻合。

不过我感觉这个消息可能是假的,因为11倍音速的子弹应该是造不出来的,这项研究是怎么做的就值得存疑了,另外我查了一下,还有很多疑点:

重庆陆军专科医疗中心这个单位是不存在的,而王建民可能是重庆第三军医大学野战外科研究所的,我查到了他的一篇论文,叫《猪下肢高速三角破片伤后血生化变化与脏器损伤》,发表在2013年04期局解手术学杂志,里面称用初速为773.1±12.4m/s,0.37克的三角破片弹对猪下肢进行过研究。

我还找到了《兵工学报》,查到了今年发表的所有文章列表,似乎也没有这项研究。

所以这个消息存疑。

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