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受疫情影響,越南超70000家企業倒閉,大牌企業或將再回流中國 – 有海水的地方就有中國人

受疫情影響,越南超70000家企業倒閉,大牌企業或將再回流中國

受疫情影響,越南超70000家企業倒閉,大牌企業或將再回流中國
2,663

作为衣服和鞋类生产大国,越南近期新冠疫情形势恶化,严格的防疫措施迫使越南大量代工厂关闭。这给不少欧美大型跨国企业的货品供应带来不小的潜在风险。

疫情导致越南工厂生产停摆

随着新一轮卫生事件的复燃,越南的企业和工厂更是出现了“倒闭潮”。

据越南投资计划部公布,今年上半年,越南共有70209家企业倒闭,比去年增加了24.9%。这相当于每天有400家企业倒闭。

越南超70000家企业倒闭,国际大牌纷纷将部分产能转回中国!

越南超70000家企业倒闭,国际大牌纷纷将部分产能转回中国!

据悉,从丰田(Toyota)到耐克(Nike)等全球品牌在越南的主要生产基地因封锁而被迫停工;包括三星和富士康在内的电子企业也因封锁而面临生产困难。

此外,作为世界第二大纺织品服装出口国,越南约三分之一的纺织和服装工厂因疫情而关闭。据越南纺织和服装协会(Vitas)的数据,该国目前有30%到35%的服装厂倒闭。

生产中断,阿迪达斯考虑涨价

从2013年到2019年的统计数据上来看,越南是仅次于中国和印度之后的第三大鞋类产品生产国,近些年,越南的服装类产品出口也能排进世界前五。对于部分品牌来说,越南在其供应链中格外重要。

由于疫情影响,越南代工厂接近“零产出”,当地工厂停产造成“断供”危机。

再加上美国进口商及消费者对亚洲商品、特别是中国商品的进口需求高涨,但港口拥堵、交货延迟、舱位短缺问题变得愈发严重的情况还未改善,美国零售商当下的商品库存只能维持一个月左右,创下30年来(自1992年以来)最低库存纪录。

比如,阿迪达斯有28%的产品来自越南,2020财年,耐克品牌的鞋子更是有差不多一半是由位于越南的合约工厂提供,但7月至少三家位于越南的耐克供应商工厂停产。

越南超70000家企业倒闭,国际大牌纷纷将部分产能转回中国!

越南超70000家企业倒闭,国际大牌纷纷将部分产能转回中国!

在今年六月份出炉的财报统计中,过去一个财年,越南生产的耐克鞋占美国消费市场的82%。越南工厂停摆被指是造成美国耐克鞋断供的主要原因。

这类生产中断对各大品牌也将带来直接损失,阿迪达斯在本月早些时间表示,其位于越南的大多数供应商的产能自7月中以来就不再可用,预计下半年将因此损失6亿美元的销售额。

阿迪达斯同时指出,这种生产中断将使其无法完全满足强劲需求,并将考虑涨价。与此同时,一些大型品牌也早已开始重新调整供应链。

越南国际订单数量出现流失

据华尔街日报报道,为了降低疫情带来的供应风险,美国鞋类提供商沃尔弗林集团已经在今年将部分产能重新转回中国,该公司负责人表示,现在的越南的供应情况非常不稳定。

对此,越南某公司首席投资官 还表示,越南现在面临一些难题,但在接下来的几个月应该会有疫苗进来,如果有更多人能进行接种,并且一切顺利,可能在今年底至明年初,生产才能恢复常态。最少还有小半年,企业工厂都是等不起的。

停工之下,不少公司的订单都在不断流失,使得这些企业只能考虑缩减在越南的产能和资本投放。

越南超70000家企业倒闭,国际大牌纷纷将部分产能转回中国!

越南超70000家企业倒闭,国际大牌纷纷将部分产能转回中国!

其中捷普公司就表示,受到疫情影响,其许多商业伙伴都已经将订单转移至中国与新加坡等其他国家了。显然,这对于越南来说也是一大挑战,资本的流出,也将造成越南更大的经济损失。

8月,包括耐克、GAP等在内的超过80家美国服装和鞋类公司已经联名致信拜登,要求美国加快对越南的疫苗捐赠。

最新消息显示,古巴将为越南提供疫苗和技术转让,而越南相关部门也在近期承认了当前疫情防控措施存在的一些问题,并可能考虑调整。

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