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買印度飛機運總統,7架摔到剩3架,還沒法退貨:這國被坑慘了 – 有海水的地方就有中國人

買印度飛機運總統,7架摔到剩3架,還沒法退貨:這國被坑慘了

買印度飛機運總統,7架摔到剩3架,還沒法退貨:這國被坑慘了
2,500

圖:2009年厄瓜多的北極星直升機墜毀

厄瓜多的憤怒是完全可以理解的,這個國家2008年買了7架印度的直升機;結果從2009年開始一架接一架墜毀,連續墜毀了4架——而且2009年那次墜毀的直升機,當時正在參加厄瓜多空軍建軍89周年慶祝活動。

2015年1月,厄瓜多摔的一架北極星

當然,或許特別令厄瓜多政府憤怒的是;他們購買北極星直升機的計劃里,除了6架勢拿去給軍隊搞戰術運輸的,剩下的1架執行的,是包括運送總統等高級政府官員在內的要員運輸任務。

其實嚴格的說,印度的北極星直升機如果能好好造的話,原本是不至於這麼不堪的,這是一個身上浸透了歐洲血統的型號,其實設計上並沒有印度人什麼功勞。在上世紀80年代,印度決定搞一種輕型的現代化通用直升機,取代原有的獵豹、印度豹直升機。

圖:從外形上來講,北極星其實是正宗的德味產品。。。。。

由於印度自己缺乏相關能力,在1984年,印度政府和德國MBB公司(今天的歐洲直升機德國公司)簽訂了ALH(先進輕型直升機)的聯合研製協議;旋翼、傳動、機體全部由MBB公司研製,並向印度提供技術轉讓。

同時法國等其它國家,也在項目中占據了大量關鍵份額,比如它的四軸自動飛控系統,就是由法國薩熱姆航電公司提供的。同時北極星直升機後期的發動機,也是法國透博梅卡公司提供的TM333系列和阿蒂丹系列發動機——由於印度核試驗之後拒絕簽署禁止核試驗條約,1998年美國開始對印度執行貿易禁運,CTS800發動機印度買不到了。

圖:2009年北極星在厄瓜多空軍活動現場墜毀的鏡頭

而且認真的講,在80年代末、90年代初的時候,北極星直升機應用的技術水平算是相當先進的。比如其旋翼系統採用4槳葉的碳纖維複合材料無鉸主旋翼,並採用了柔性槳轂(碳纖維複合材料板、鈦合金中心件、彈性軸承)等等。

然而問題是,這些先進的部件實際上印度本國並沒有設計、改進能力,即使是在接受歐洲技術轉讓實現國產化以後,其產品質量的可靠性也是極度糟糕的。比如在2005年,印度軍隊發現北極星直升機的尾槳槳葉,其複合材料結構存在嚴重的層間分離現象,嚴重危及飛行安全;結果2016年整個北極星只交付了4架,已經交付的北極星直升機里,有一半的尾槳槳葉都要換掉。

雖然目前印度斯坦航空仍然堅稱北極星是一種安全的直升機,但是厄瓜多政府顯然在最近幾十年內肯定不會再相信印度斯坦航空的任何保證。目前這三架停飛的北極星,即使是沒有辦法退掉,也由於合同限制不能轉賣,厄瓜多也絕對不會再使用了。而至於北極星這個型號,將來也沒有哪個國家會再去當冤大頭了吧。

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