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25架F-22“打開中國大門”?美籌備對華軍演,想獲得對華軍事優勢 – 有海水的地方就有中國人

25架F-22“打開中國大門”?美籌備對華軍演,想獲得對華軍事優勢

25架F-22“打開中國大門”?美籌備對華軍演,想獲得對華軍事優勢
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最近,根据美国媒体的相关报道,美军正在筹集一场7月份于西太平洋地区举行的大型联合军演。军演的主要目的是当中美两国在西太平洋地区爆发军事冲突时,美军如何在军事层面上获得对华优势。

25架F-22“打开中国大门”?美筹备对华军演,想获得对华军事优势

这场大型联合军演代号为“太平洋钢铁-2021”,为了充分论证美军此前关于印太地区作战的理论,美国空军和美国国民警卫队分别从阿拉斯加和夏威夷抽调了25架F-22“猛禽”隐身战斗机,用于在中美军事冲突初期“打开中国大门”,为美军的其他进攻铺路。

美军的设想——用F-22保证美军的制空权,为隐身战斗机攻击中国本土打开通道;

美国空军的想法其实很简单,就是使用F-22“猛禽”隐身战斗机,和部署在日本、韩国以及第一岛链附近的美军F-35系列隐身战斗机一起,短时间内在中国的东部沿海地区获取制空权。判定这一作战目标是否顺利实现的标准主要是两个:
1、F-22隐身战斗机是否能够压制住中国的歼-20以及其他隐身战斗机;
2、F-35系列隐身战斗机能否快速压制或者摧毁中国的远程防空系统,为己方的隐身轰炸机打开进攻通道。

25架F-22“打开中国大门”?美筹备对华军演,想获得对华军事优势

25架F-22“打开中国大门”?美筹备对华军演,想获得对华军事优势

今年以来,美国智库在讨论中美印太军事冲突时,基本上都认为中国的“反进入/区域拒止”作战体系对美国海军的航母战斗群威胁巨大。如果美国海军想要在台海海域和南海海域进行有效作战,那么美军就需要在冲突爆发后的第一时间,想办法除掉或者瘫痪中国的“反进入/区域拒止”作战体系。

25架F-22“打开中国大门”?美筹备对华军演,想获得对华军事优势

这一作战目标,不仅需要打击和压制中国火箭军的反舰弹道导弹,还需要压制中国岸舰导弹部队的远程巡航导弹和中国空军的远程轰炸机。而如果使用远程导弹直接攻击中国本土,不仅很难确保达成这些作战目标,而且很容易引发战略误判。

毕竟,我们也不知道美国打过来的这些远程导弹中,是否有核弹头。

25架F-22“打开中国大门”?美筹备对华军演,想获得对华军事优势

所以,兜兜转转之后,美军还是认为完全掌握制空权是最为靠谱的做法。这才有了调派25架F-22“猛禽”隐身战斗机参加“太平洋钢铁-2021”联合军演,并研究如何“打开中国大门”的做法。

歼-20和F-22的对决——F-22不能离中国太近,“短腿”问题成为致命伤

此次“太平洋钢铁-2021”联合军演中,美军的F-22“猛禽”机群将重点验证“分布式作战”理论。所谓的“分布式作战”理论,就是把自己的作战力量尽可能地分开部署,避免被中国方面“一锅端”。等到要发起进攻的时候,再汇聚到一起,对中国展开攻击。

25架F-22“打开中国大门”?美筹备对华军演,想获得对华军事优势

比如这次的25架F-22“猛禽”隐身战斗机,就分散部署到关岛上的安德森空军基地和距离关岛100多英里的天宁岛国际机场上,就是为了避免在战时被中国的“关岛快递”一次性摧毁掉。这种情况同样出现在美国战略轰炸机部队中,分散布置已经成为美国空军的常态。

首先,先来说说F-22“猛禽”战斗机的作战半径问题。目前网上关于F-22“猛禽”战斗机作战半径只有759公里的说法,主要指的是F-22战斗机的mission 1状态,这个状态下的F-22战斗机是Air Superiority,也就是完全空优的状态,估计就是能够随意进行超音速巡航作战的状态。

25架F-22“打开中国大门”?美筹备对华军演,想获得对华军事优势

如果真的有远距离作战需求,在携带2个2272公升副油箱,并且不使用超音速巡航,只使用亚音速飞行赶路时,作战半径可以达到1574公里。考虑到实际作战时还需要携带弹药,实战时的实际作战半径还会更短。

25架F-22“打开中国大门”?美筹备对华军演,想获得对华军事优势

但是关岛目前距离中国大陆的距离是2500公里,即使F-22战斗机采用的是最经济的远程奔袭模式,仍然很难在中国东南沿海空域停留太多的时间。毕竟,如果和中国空军缠斗太久,那么就只能够降落到第一岛链内的美军基地上,更加容易被中国的远程攻击火力摧毁。

很多人可能对现代空战中作战半径的优势不是很了解,这里举一个简单的例子。假设歼-20隐身战斗机只有800公里左右的作战半径,也就是类似F-22战斗机mission 1的纯空优状态。在面对远程奔袭而来的F-22战斗机时,甚至可以分出一部分兵力“绕后”,选择“夹击”来袭的F-22,或者在F-22后撤时截断其退路。

25架F-22“打开中国大门”?美筹备对华军演,想获得对华军事优势

而对于F-22战斗机来说,因为要注意滞空时间,所以能够选择的航线是比较好推断出来的,更加容易遭到歼-20战斗机的截击。当然,F-22隐身战斗机还有其他的选择,比如半路经停其他基地加油,或者和空中加油机配合作战等。

25架F-22“打开中国大门”?美筹备对华军演,想获得对华军事优势

不过,有没有基地能够在中国的远程火力下从容给F-22加油,加油机是否会被中国方面提前发现,又是另外一回事了。单次攻击是很难达成理想的作战目标,而多次攻击,用过的办法就不能够一直再用了。

 

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