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美國又出招了,斥資萬億囤購中國商品,又要上演“割韭菜”大戲? – 有海水的地方就有中國人

美國又出招了,斥資萬億囤購中國商品,又要上演“割韭菜”大戲?

美國又出招了,斥資萬億囤購中國商品,又要上演“割韭菜”大戲?
2,634

美国近半年花费万亿元人民币进口中国商品

贬值美元企图向中国“割韭菜”

这背后的货币金融原理是怎样的?

为何美元能够制霸全球?

人民币国际化道路还有多远?

从今年年初以来的五个月内, 美国对中国的进口商品总额达到了1.34万亿元人民币,增长高达38.9%。但从今年汇率市场的变化来看,美元指数从当初的高位100多一路下跌到目前的92左右,人民币对美元的汇率从年初的7块2持续升值到了6块4,而今年美元对于全球其他国家货币的贬值是非常明显的。美国妄图继续利用无限的放水印钱,再将这些贬值的美元散发到全世界,尤其是中国的市场上,用以承担美国本土的通胀压力,不仅能够缓解美国市场的疲软,还能趁机搞乱中国的经济。为什么美国能够利用这样的招式屡试不爽呢?美元霸权到底是如何使得美国人吸血全球,中国会不会真的受到美国贸易的影响?为什么说人民币国际化的道路依旧漫长?我们又该如何采取什么措施有效应对美元霸权呢?

美国又出招了,斥资万亿囤购中国商品,又要上演“割韭菜”大戏?

要解释美国现今的货币霸权,就不得不提起货币制度的变迁。大家都知道中国古代,主要是以铜钱、银锭等作为通用货币,黄金也有,但普通老百姓基本不用。这里的铜钱、白金和黄金就是一种流通于市场的货币制度。贵金属的稀有特质能够作为货币流通起来,而在外国也是如此。最早建立起货币霸权的国家就是英国,英国在1816年通过了“金本位制度法案”,宣告英镑金本位制度建设完毕。黄金的稀缺性和开采提纯难度,加之金属在流通过程中是会产生磨损的,使用纸钞代替黄金,作为所谓的银行兑换券就逐渐被人们使用。金本位将发行钞票的数量和额度同本国的黄金持有量挂钩,黄金的持有量稳定,加之国家信誉好,也就保证了钞票的币值稳定,国家也不能随意超发钞票。

美国又出招了,斥资万亿囤购中国商品,又要上演“割韭菜”大戏?

但随着工业革命的爆发,大英帝国独霸全球,黄金赚得最多,代表黄金价值的英镑逐渐成为了当时绝大部分国家的通用货币。后来二战爆发,美国替代英国成为世界霸主,还搞了个布雷顿森林货币体系,就是以美元为中心的国际货币体系,让美元直接与黄金挂钩,各国货币则与美元挂钩。但在六七十年代,随着欧洲各国经济复苏,加之美国在越南战场越陷越深,世界各国都不愿黄金作为外汇储备,全部放在美国的国库里,如果一旦引发美元信任危机,这些国家美元拥有太多,但在兑换黄金时,美元与黄金的固定平价就难以维持。法国率先带头,甚至动用海军直接将美元换的金条从美国运回法国,美国眼见这个玩法维系不下去了,尼克松政府也就直接宣布美元与黄金脱钩了。但这一番操作,反而全球国家都默认了美元作为全球主导货币的地位,说白了,就是美国有强大的海陆空军事力量为它的货币霸权保驾护照。那么这次美国进口中国巨额的商品,为什么反而说可能不利于中国呢,现今越发贬值的美元说明了当下怎样的全球金融环境?

美国又出招了,斥资万亿囤购中国商品,又要上演“割韭菜”大戏?

美元虽然和黄金脱钩了,但只要美国依旧还是“世界第一”,依旧有着遍布全球的海空军基地,用美元还是最稳的。2008年美联储负债9000亿美元,2020年底负债7.4万亿美元,说白了美国在对外贸易上一直都是逆差,可谓是欠了全球一屁股的债,所以说美国知道自己欠钱太多,那就得想办法,一方面不断由美联储增发国债,还不上钱,其他国家先买国债呗,还有一招就是所谓的量化宽松政策,直白是就是印钱。不断的超发美元,刺激市场,美元大量外流至其他国家,进而帮着美国分担通货膨胀的压力,美国市场大,反而通胀不明显,美元放水的通胀在中心越稳定,边缘扩张越厉害,可苦了其他的国家。这招就是明着找全球各国收“铸币税”,我美国印的钱越多,你们其他国家的外债反而就不值钱了。美国国债虽然在增加,但是利息基本保持稳定,因为利率一直在下降,美联储的降息政策就是为了救市,挽救这个现今动乱的美国社会。

美国又出招了,斥资万亿囤购中国商品,又要上演“割韭菜”大戏?

美国大量进口中国商品的本质,也是希望能够通过美元人民币的兑换,将近些年来不断贬值的美元,分摊到这些优质的中国商品上,以形成一种以“打折价”购买的贸易思路上。而中国拿到了美元,依旧还得使用美元,来购买现今受到通胀的大宗原材料上,完成进一步的生产销售,这样一来中国的经济受到的压力就会大大提升,我们赚的少了,买原材料,花得更多了。但开头我们就提到,美元虽然在贬值,但人民币对美元的汇率持续升值,人民币值钱了,以为着美国这套把戏,能够奏效的影响大大降低了。加之近些年来,中国与周边国家和组织间建立起有效的贸易协议,一些自贸区的建立可以直接绕过美元进行结算,我国为打破美元霸权正在持续不断的努力中。

美元既然吸血全球,让全球各国分摊美国经济凋敝和动乱的压力,我们除了美元,能用其他方法吗,人民币在国际上的地位如何?在6月3日,俄罗斯财政部长在圣彼得堡国际经济论坛上表示,俄罗斯财政部将在一个月内改变国家财富基金的结构,其中美元的份额将减少到零,英镑减持到5%,日元保持5%,欧元将增长到40%,人民币增长到30%,黄金则将占比20%。俄罗斯与美国的贸易往来本就不多,此举将国家财富基金的美元份额全部归零,可以算作是对抗美元霸权的重要一步,人民币增长到30%,进一步提升了人民币国际化。我们再来看看一些好消息,2020年土耳其中央银行宣布通过该银行支付从中国进口商品费用的公司均以人民币进行结算。

美国又出招了,斥资万亿囤购中国商品,又要上演“割韭菜”大戏?

自2019年中土签署双边本币互换协议后这也是土耳其第一次以人民币作为结算货币。东南亚的柬埔寨更直接,柬埔寨办理的瑞尔兑换人民币的外汇交易业务,使得人民币在柬埔寨可以直接兑换成当地货币,可直接绕过美元,中柬双边贸易中商品结算的过程得到了简化。中国和其他世界各国一起在对抗美元霸权上做出努力,那么人民币国际化的道路,还存在哪些问题呢?美元能够通行全世界,其实就是美国人市场大,从全世界买东西到美国,用美元支付,进而美元流通到世界各地,但美国本地的实体经济却基本丧失殆尽,全靠金融市场吊着续命。中国作为世界第一工业大国,目前的主要任务依旧是发展实体经济,不断出口创收,自然不可能像美国那样天天逆差,进而外国也拿不到稳定的人民币供应。对比之下,欧盟的建立,实行经济一体化,建立共同的央行,发行欧元,就是对抗美元的一条出路。人民币国际化的道路,我们还有很长的一段路要走。

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