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中國太空飛機,飛了3個月還沒降落,美國反應過來,事情並不簡單 – 有海水的地方就有中國人

中國太空飛機,飛了3個月還沒降落,美國反應過來,事情並不簡單

中國太空飛機,飛了3個月還沒降落,美國反應過來,事情並不簡單
2,076

近期,我国使用长征二号F火箭第二次从酒泉卫星发射中心成功发射了一架“可重复使用的太空飞机”。这架无人太空飞机虽然由于“过于先进而无法展示”,但国内外媒体普遍认为它应该类似于美国空军的X-37B太空飞机。到现在,这架无人太空飞机已经在低地球轨道运行了3个月,还没有返回地球的迹象。一直紧盯它的美国太空部队反应过来,事情没有起初想象的那么简单。



(美国空军的X-37B无人太空飞机在火箭整流罩中)

根据美国方面公布的数据,两周前,中国的这艘无人太空飞机进行了变轨操作,将其轨道提升至597✖️608公里的近圆形轨道。而就在最近几天,美国太空部队的第18太空防御中队跟踪到了一个靠近这架无人太空飞机的物体,space-track.org网站的数据库在近日添加了一个与这架太空飞机轨道类似的物体的新条目。通常来说,位于地球轨道上的物体只有在能够被识别出是一个独立的、分散的、具有高可信度的物体时,才能被录入数据库,因此海外媒体和分析师普遍认为,这个物体是由中国太空飞机释放的。



(发射我国无人太空飞机的长征2F火箭的整流罩在某学校的广场上展出)

美国商业太空监视公司“轨道聚焦”公司的分析师指出,这个物体的释放可能发生在上个月下旬,此后一直保持在固定的位置,距离太空飞机很近。其实这不是中国的无人太空飞机第一次发射物体,中国无人太空飞机的首次升空是在两年前的9月份,在两天的飞行任务后期就释放了一个物体,随后这架太空飞机就脱离了轨道返回地球。据美国一些航天机构和航天爱好者的监测,这个物体在随后的数周内发射了S波段的无线电信号。

对于中国太空飞机最近发射的这个物体,美国航天机构有很多猜测。一种可能性是,这个物体是一颗小型卫星,用于监测太空飞机,中国的载人飞船以前在飞行时曾经发射过小型伴星,用于监测目的;另一种可能是,无人太空飞机有在轨道上部署小型卫星的能力,这个物体就是测试用的。此外,美国天文学家兼航天器追踪者乔纳森·麦克道尔在社交媒体上猜测,这个物体也可能是一个服务模块。有很多中国的网友更是脑洞大开,猜测这架太空飞机释放的可能是反卫星武器,能够独立搜索并摧毁敌方卫星。不过,任何猜测都没有依据。我们只能等未来官方会给予解释。



(美国空军的X-37B无人太空飞机)

美国的一些分析者还有一个推测:由于中国太空飞机在第一次飞行中,在释放完物体之后就返回了地球,因此这次它释放物体,也有可能意味着会很快就返回地面。不过,这个猜测与它刚刚提升了轨道高度的行动并不符合。由于在低地球轨道上仍然有极为稀薄的空气存在,在这个轨道上飞行的航天器仍然会遇到微弱的空气阻力,速度不断降低,轨道高度也会不断降低,低到一定程度就会重返大气层,因此低地球轨道的航天器只要想继续工作,都会定期开启推进器来提升速度,同时提升轨道高度。这次中国太空飞机刚刚提升了轨道高度,可能表明它还会继续飞行下去。



(X-37B的体积也并不大)

还有一件值得留意的事情是,美国空军的X-37B无人太空飞机自从两年前的5月份发射后,到现在为止一直在低地球轨道上飞行,已经飞行了接近900天。按照美国空军的说法,它的任务主要是试验从太空轨道向地面发射电磁波进行能量传送的技术,为未来建设“太空电站”做准备。但是几乎没人相信这是它唯一的任务。它究竟在干些什么,谁也不知道。就像我们也没有公布我们的太空飞机在干些什么一样。

最后,让无人太空飞机连续飞行几年并没有什么技术难度,只要带够燃料维持速度和轨道高度即可,只要我们愿意,我们的无人太空飞机也一样能够做到。真正具有技术难度的,是中国正在开发的完全可重复使用两级入轨空间运输系统,这架无人太空飞机可能就是这个系统的第二级。而这个系统的第一级,一架垂直起飞和水平着陆的亚轨道飞行器的原型,也已经进行了两次试验飞行,第二次飞行是在今年9月份,这个项目最近获得了中国自然科学基金会的资助。我们的无人太空飞机才是未来可期,充满了想象力。

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