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中印關係回暖,莫迪欲邀中國赴印投資,但中資栽跟頭後已轉向印尼 – 有海水的地方就有中國人

中印關係回暖,莫迪欲邀中國赴印投資,但中資栽跟頭後已轉向印尼

中印關係回暖,莫迪欲邀中國赴印投資,但中資栽跟頭後已轉向印尼
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中印發生邊境軍事衝突八個多月之後,在中國牛年新年來臨之際,邊境局勢迎來了重大利好。據印度媒體報導,從2月10日開始,中印兩國邊防部隊按照雙方此前達成的一系列共識,開始從對峙區域逐步撤軍,脫離接觸。

雙方朝著和平解決邊境爭端問題,邁出了極為重要的一步,此舉也意味著中印關係有回暖跡象。中印兩國是全球最大的兩個發展中國家,又互為鄰國,可以說中印關係是國際關係領域內最為重要的雙邊關係之一。

中印關係回暖,莫迪欲邀中國赴印投資,但中資栽跟頭後已轉向印尼

隨著邊境緊張局勢有所緩和,中印兩國的經貿關係也開始「解凍」。當地時間2月16日,英國媒體路透社援引印度三位知情人士的消息報導稱,莫迪當局在未來數周內,準備批准一部分來自中國的投資提議。

報導稱,在第一輪新投資審批之後,印度還將邀請更多的中國企業在印度開展投資活動,同時也將放寬投資條件以及審批力度。例如對部分領域的投資,可以在沒有印度官方的審批之下,自動獲得通過。但是涉及國家安全以及部分比較敏感的投資項目,印度依舊將中國企業排除在外。

中印關係回暖,莫迪欲邀中國赴印投資,但中資栽跟頭後已轉向印尼

2020年6月中印發生邊境衝突之後,莫迪將針對中國的矛頭從軍事層面擴大到了經貿層面。其在國內發動民眾抵制中國企業的商品和服務,同時還針對中國企業出台了一系列法案,阻止中國企業在印度投資。例如將華為排除在印度5G通信網絡建設之外,永久性地禁止中國應用在其境內使用。

據悉,在莫迪當局實施上述措施之後,中國企業在印度的投資積極性大幅度降低,累計有150多項投資項目被迫擱置或者徹底徹底「流產」,總金額高達數十億美元。

中印關係回暖,莫迪欲邀中國赴印投資,但中資栽跟頭後已轉向印尼

根據聯合國貿易和發展會議公布的數據,2020年印度獲得的外資投資總額約為570億美元。而中國約為1630億美元,是全球吸引外資最多的國家。如今莫迪當局再次邀請中國企業赴印度投資,顯然是出於經濟形勢考慮。

雖然2020年印度的各項經濟數據尚未公布,但是根據多家專業的機構預測,印度經濟大幅度下滑已經是板上釘釘的事。根據印度國家統計局的預測,2020年印度GDP總量將下滑7.7%,約為2.6萬億美元。

中印關係回暖,莫迪欲邀中國赴印投資,但中資栽跟頭後已轉向印尼

而2019年印度的經濟總量達到了2.85萬億美元,甚至超過了英國和法國,上升到了全球第五。經濟嚴重萎縮帶來一系列後果,其中最為直接的就是失業率暴增。根據印度經濟監測中心發布的數據,2020年12月印度國內勞動力失業率維持在9%左右,其中農村地區失業率為9.15%,城市失業率為8.84%。

綜合來看,2020年印度全年失業率基本在10%上下徘徊。而根據目前印度經濟的復甦趨勢,其失業率在短時間內將得不到根本性的好轉。根據經濟專家的預測,2021年印度失業率依舊會維持在7%左右。失業人數增多,民眾最基本的生活得不到保障,社會危機接踵而至。

中印關係回暖,莫迪欲邀中國赴印投資,但中資栽跟頭後已轉向印尼

但是等莫迪當局回過神來,再次邀請中國資本赴印度投資時,卻發現中國企業在印度境內栽了跟頭之後,已經不再對其感興趣。目前中國企業紛紛撤資,將投資的區域從印度轉向東南亞一帶,例如印度尼西亞。

根據美國科技巨頭谷歌發布的數據顯示,2020年上半年,僅在科技領域,中國資本向印尼的風險投資額就暴漲至28億美元,約合181億元,漲幅高達55%。疫情之下的東南亞,是全球經濟活力最高的地區之一,即便受到新冠疫情的衝擊,東南亞投資市場依舊呈現出較高的活躍度。

中印關係回暖,莫迪欲邀中國赴印投資,但中資栽跟頭後已轉向印尼

數據顯示,2020年上半年,東南亞地區完成的投融資超過310筆,總融資金額接近60億美元。其中印度尼西亞和新加坡是最受外資青睞的市場,網際網路、房地產、基礎設施、金融服務和在線醫療以及教育,是最熱門的行業。

而中國的網際網路產業巨頭當然也不會錯過風頭,紛紛在東南亞市場布局。尤其是在RCEP協議簽署之後,中國資本進入東南亞將獲得更大的雙邊准入政策支持,雙方之間的合作空間還會進一步拓展。

中印關係回暖,莫迪欲邀中國赴印投資,但中資栽跟頭後已轉向印尼

而反觀印度,雖然中印兩軍目前開始脫離接觸,但是邊境局勢依舊複雜,且由於美國在其中作梗,所以中印關係尚存在許多不確定因素。政治風險向來是外商投資頗為看重的一項風險,所以可以預見,短時間內中國企業再次赴印度投資的積極性不會太高。

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