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該來的都會來!迫於美國壓力歐洲2國濫用國家安全打擊華為 – 有海水的地方就有中國人

該來的都會來!迫於美國壓力歐洲2國濫用國家安全打擊華為

該來的都會來!迫於美國壓力歐洲2國濫用國家安全打擊華為
2,748

過去的一周,先後有兩個國家表示將限制使用華為的5G通訊設備,這兩個國家分別是瑞典和義大利。那麼為何越來越多的歐洲國家相繼地採取限制華為產品的措施,對此中國應該怎麼應對呢?

瑞典和義大利相繼宣布禁止或者限制華為5G產品

我們先來看看瑞典和義大利限制華為產品的相關報導。瑞典郵政和電信管理局10月20號宣布,出於國家安全考慮並經過了瑞典軍方和安全部門的審查,瑞典政府將禁止華為和中興兩家中國企業參與該國5G網絡建設。緊接著據英國路透社引述兩名知情人士的話報導,義大利政府在10月22號的內閣會議上,決定禁止該國電信集團Fastweb與華為簽署為其5G核心網絡供應設備的協議。這標誌著義大利首次否決與華為簽署5G核心網絡供應協議。

如果說瑞典禁用華為還能夠理解,因為瑞典一直以來對華不太友好,在意識形態上極度地敵視中國,那麼義大利禁用華為就有點大跌眼鏡了,畢竟義大利這兩年與中國的關係總體上不錯,還是第一個與中國簽訂一帶一路合作文件的G7國家。但不管怎麼樣,在美國的強大壓力面前,歐洲國家都得以某種形式買帳。無獨有偶,在今年7月,英法兩個國家紛紛採用了比較靈活的方式變相地禁用華為。

歐洲多個國家紛紛採取禁用華為的措施,表面上看是出於國家安全的考慮,但其實是他們在面對美國要求禁用華為的巨大壓力上的一種無奈之舉。如果美國逼迫他們在與美國共同打造集體安全 和 與中國發展互惠互利的經貿關係二者之間,做出一個選擇,他們肯定會安全優先,選擇聽從美國老大哥的招呼;如果美國逼迫他們在 與美國發展可持續的盟友關係 和 從中國華為購買到物美價廉的通信產品之間做一個切割,他們肯定會選擇與美國的盟友關係。在安全與經濟之間做出選擇,肯定是安全第一,因為安全關係到安身立命,而經濟關係到的是衣食住行。

國家安全是美國審查華為的理由,也是美國禁止其他國家使用華為的理由

不過,歐洲多個國家禁用華為所採用的「國家安全」理由,其實是個騙人的籮筐,基本上什麼東西都可以往裡面裝。這些歐洲國家禁止華為,表面上看,他們擔心採用華為的通信產品會讓中國政府擁有了監控這些國家的「後門」,擔心他們的國家安全會受到來自中國的威脅,但其實他們根本就拿不出華為產品會危害他們國家安全的證據。所以使用華為產品並不會危害他們的國家安全,相反地,不聽從美國招呼禁用華為,導致這些歐洲國家認為他們與美國的關係會疏遠,他們擔心失去美國的保護,失去了安全感。他們的國家安全威脅不是來自華為的通信產品,而是擔心美國不再在安全上為他們提供保障。所以,為了滿足美國圍堵封殺華為的要求,他們不得不向美國作出表率。

現在在歐洲國家中,德國在是否禁用華為的問題上將是一個非常重要的風向標。德國政府一直以來的立場比較連續,不會採取禁用華為的措施。德國之所以有這樣的立場,最根本的原因是,德國很多大企業對於中國市場極度依賴,完全沒有必要犧牲巨大的經濟利益來討好美國、得罪中國。但是德國不禁止華為,並不代表德國完全信任華為。德國聯邦經濟和能源部長阿爾特邁爾當地時間23日表示,歐盟支持自由競爭的想法,並不反對華為,在5G領域需要強大的歐洲參與者。可以說,德國在對待華為的態度上是務實謹慎的,不限制華為,但也不會過度依賴華為,尤其是在5G通信網絡的核心網絡建設中,不會使用華為產品。據悉,德國電信、沃達豐都沒有在核心網中使用華為產品。

歐美在打造圍堵華為的包圍圈,實際上就是圍堵中國高科技的崛起

有意思的是,即便是某些國家在是否禁用華為上不置可否,美國依然可以利用其強大的二級制裁手段迫使具體的通信企業,不跟華為開展5G合作。政府不同意禁止華為,沒關係,任何歐洲的企業想在美國開展業務,或者想從美國融資的話,美國可以給他們製造麻煩。所以美國阻斷歐洲通信企業封殺華為的手段是很多的,一方面可以跟相關國家政府直接施壓,理由當然是國家安全;另一方面可以間接地給企業施壓,想不想在美國混了,想不想被美國切斷融資渠道或美元結算的權限?這些企業一考慮到這些當然就乖乖地服從了。

審查華為的工作還將繼續下去

華為5G通信技術已經成為中國製造一張靚麗的名片,但是在美國的眼裡,中國在5G通信技術上的領先一步,對美國的科技霸權構成了威脅。美國不僅要在國內全面封殺華為,還以宣傳中國威脅論的方式,利用其霸權體系逼迫其他國家在中國與美國之間選邊站。美國封殺華為,藉口是保護自己和其他國家的國家安全,本質是維護美國在科技領域的霸權。面對可能有更多的歐洲國家站出來封殺華為,我們要有清醒的認識和心理準備,每個國家封殺華為的決定,都是基於自己的國家利益、在衡量得罪中國與得罪美國哪個成本更大的基礎上做出的。只有弄清楚每一個國家做出封殺華為決定的背後動機以及封殺的程度如何之後,才能做出精準的回擊。很多網友說,瑞典封殺了華為,而瑞典的愛立信還在中國賺大錢,我們完全可以封殺愛立信。這是個不錯的建議。

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