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美國網友妄稱:為什麼我們不能幹脆把中國踢出聯合國五常之列呢? – 有海水的地方就有中國人

美國網友妄稱:為什麼我們不能幹脆把中國踢出聯合國五常之列呢?

美國網友妄稱:為什麼我們不能幹脆把中國踢出聯合國五常之列呢?
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聯合國安理會在國際上發揮著巨大的主導作用,維持國際和平與安全,最重要的是核心的「五常」在聯合國中擁有著一票否決權,也相互之間形成了制約。作為五大常任理事國,自然要承擔起相應的大國責任,避免地區衝突、解決矛盾、參加國際行動等都是不可避免的。在美版知乎Quora上,美國網友提問道:既然中國處處和我們做對,為什麼我們不能幹脆把中國踢出聯合國五常之列呢?這個問題引起各國網友的圍觀和熱議,他們認為這種想法未免太過無知了,我們看看他們的觀點。

美國網友妄稱:為什麼我們不能幹脆把中國踢出聯合國五常之列呢?

美國網友妄稱:為什麼我們不能幹脆把中國踢出聯合國五常之列呢?

According to the Charter of the United Nations, the functions of members of the United Nations Security Council are:

根據《聯合國憲章》,聯合國安理會成員國行使的職能是:

• maintaining world peace and stability;

•維護全世界的和平與穩定;

• recommend and take measures to resolve disputes between states;

•建議並採取措施解決國家之間的爭端;

• action against repressive / aggressor states;

•對鎮壓/侵略國採取行動;

• recommend the admission of new members to the United Nations;

•建議接納新成員加入聯合國;

• the UN Security Council discusses the annual peace plan;

•聯合國安理會討論年度和平計劃;

• exercise the veto;

•行使否決權;

• any amendment to the UN Charter can only be made through resolutions adopted by the UN Security Council.

•對《聯合國憲章》的任何修正也只能通過聯合國安理會通過的決議進行。

美國網友妄稱:為什麼我們不能幹脆把中國踢出聯合國五常之列呢?

It can be seen from the above that the five permanent members give the United Nations rights, not the rights authorized by the United Nations to the five permanent members.

從以上內容可知,是五大常任理事國賦予聯合國權利,而不是聯合國授權給五常的權利。

There are hundreds of countries on earth, so there are hundreds of opinions and positions, but as long as the five powers agree, that is the iron law.

地球上有數百個國家,也就有數百個意見和立場,但只要五大國同意,那就是鐵律。

The legitimacy of the United Nations depends on the authorization of the five countries, and the legitimacy of the existence of the five countries depends on strength. To become a permanent member, one of the most basic entry conditions is to fight against one of the current five, and then safely resist each other’s retaliation.

聯合國的合法性取決於五國的授權,而五國存在的合法性取決於實力。要成為常任理事國,最基本的進入條件之一是與當前的五大之一進行鬥爭,然後有能力抵制對方的報復。

許多人認為,中國的常任理事國資格是通過繼承原台灣當局獲得的,這是完全錯誤的,中國作為常任理事國的地位是由其自身實力決定的。

In the current “five powers”, new China has fought against each of the old “five powers” and is still developing very well.

在當前的「五大國」中,新中國與每一個舊的「五大國」都進行了鬥爭,並且仍然發展得很好。

New China (PRC) fought against all the major powers in the world, such as the old five powers: Britain, France, the United States, the Soviet Union and the Republic of China. From the Kuomintang Communist civil war, the Korean War to the Sino Soviet border confrontation, China has achieved strategic goals. Therefore, no one can shake China’s permanent membership, which is brought about by a series of achievements.

新中國(PRC)曾與世界上所有主要的大國作戰,像舊的五大國:英國、法國、美國、蘇聯和中華民國,從國共內戰、韓戰到中蘇邊境對峙,中國都達成了戰略目標,因此,任何人都不能動搖中國的常任理事國地位,這是由一系列成就所帶來的。

After the Second World War, the United Nations was established. Why does the United Nations have the right to decide the fate of other countries? That’s because there are five permanent members. If any country does not obey the United Nations, as long as the five powers reach an agreement, the country will be destroyed in a few minutes.

第二次世界大戰後,聯合國成立。為什麼聯合國有權決定其他國家的命運?那是因為有五個常任理事國。如果任何國家不服從聯合國,只要五大國達成協議,這個國家將在幾分鐘內被消滅。

The latest fool who dares to offend the big five is Gaddafi. Of course, we all know his ending.

最新一個敢於冒犯五巨頭的傻瓜是卡扎菲,當然,我們都知道他的結局。

The absolute authority of the United Nations comes from its ability to make disobedient countries obey, which often depends on the will of great powers, otherwise all its orders are just a piece of paper.

聯合國的絕對權威來自它使不服從的國家服從的能力,而這種能力往往取決於大國意志,否則它的所有命令都只是一張紙。


美國網友妄稱:為什麼我們不能幹脆把中國踢出聯合國五常之列呢?

In 1945, the Soviet Union, the United States and the British Empire, the great powers that won the Second World War, agreed that they should have the veto power in the Security Council of the new organization that replaced the League of nations in order to exert greater control over international affairs.

1945年,第二次世界大戰勝利一方的大國蘇聯、美國和大英帝國都同意,在取代國際聯盟的新組織的安全理事會中,它們應該擁有否決權,以便對國際事務施加更大程度的控制。

Although the Western allies wanted to add a fourth permanent member, the Soviet Union opposed it, saying it would break the balance of power in favor of the West. But they finally agreed to Britain’s proposal to increase France. Seeing this, the United States tried to add the Republic of China as a permanent member despite the protests of other major powers.

雖然西方盟國希望增加第四個常任理事國,但蘇聯反對,稱這將打破有利於西方的力量平衡。可他們最終同意了英國關於增加法國的提議,看到這一點,美國不顧其他大國的抗議,設法將中華民國增設為常任理事國。

So, is everything settled?

那麼,一切都塵埃落定了嗎?

During the existence of the Security Council, there have been two changes in the permanent membership:

在安全理事會存在期間,常任理事國發生了兩次變化:

(1) In 1971, from the Taiwan authorities in an isolated corner to the people’s Republic of China

(1) 1971年從偏安一隅的台灣當局到中華人民共和國

(2) In 1991, the seat of the union of Soviet Socialist Republics was inherited by the Russian Federation.

(2) 1991年,蘇維埃社會主義共和國聯盟的席位由俄羅斯聯邦繼承。

The question is about China, so we will focus on this issue.

問題是關於中國的,所以我們將集中討論這個問題。

First of all, let’s talk about the background – after the end of World War II, China finally ended the war with Japan since 1931. However, this was not the end of the war on Chinese territory. Soon after, a civil war broke out between the Communist Party supported by the Soviet Union and the Kuomintang supported by the allies. After four bloody years, with the defeat of the Kuomintang to Taiwan Island, the Communist Party successfully took over the whole mainland.

首先,先說背景——第二次世界大戰結束後,中國終於結束了自1931年以來與日本的戰爭。然而,這並不是中國領土上戰爭的結束,不久之後,蘇聯支持的共產黨和盟國支持的國民黨之間爆發了內戰。在腥風血雨的四年之後,隨著國民黨敗退到台灣島,共產黨成功地接管了整個大陸。

美國網友妄稱:為什麼我們不能幹脆把中國踢出聯合國五常之列呢?

然而,台灣當局繼續聲稱擁有整個大陸及其作為中國在國際舞台上唯一代表的地位,因此,出現了一個問題——一個大國由兩個完全不同的國家代表。

The Soviet Union and its allies have re recognized the people’s Republic of China, while the western world continues to recognize the so-called “Republic of China” of the Taiwan authorities. Since the withdrawal or replacement of the seat of the Republic of China from the Security Council requires a two-thirds majority in the general assembly and a nine fifteenth majority in the Security Council (the Taiwan authorities have the veto), no change has been made.

蘇聯及其盟國重新承認了中華人民共和國,而西方世界繼續承認台灣當局所謂的「中華民國」。由於從安全理事會撤換或更換中華民國席位需要大會三分之二的多數票,以及安全理事會十五分之九的多數票(台灣當局擁有否決權),因此沒有做出任何改變。

Interestingly, the Soviet Union did not participate in the Security Council for most of the time after 1950, which was a sign of protest against the Taiwan authorities’ occupation of a seat in the Security Council rather than the people’s Republic of China. At that time, the West promoted a resolution to send United Nations troops to South Korea to avoid failure in the face of North Korea’s invasion. Since then, the war on the Korean Peninsula broke out.

有趣的是,蘇聯在1950年後的大部分時間裡都沒有參加安理會會議,這是抗議台灣當局在安理會而不是中華人民共和國占據席位的一種跡象,當時西方推動一項向韓國派遣聯合國部隊的決議,從而使其在面對朝鮮方面的入侵時免於失敗,自此朝鮮半島戰爭爆發。

Return to China’s representation – the Korean War played out China’s international status, and the international recognition of China has shifted to supporting the people’s Republic of China. However, until 1961, the Taiwan authorities still represented China in the international community without any problem.

回到中國的代表權——韓戰打出了中國的國際地位,國際上對中國的認可已經轉向支持中華人民共和國,但直到1961年,台灣當局仍然毫無問題地在國際上代表中國。

That year, the United Nations General Assembly decided to list the issue of China’s representation as an important issue, which required two-thirds of the vote to change China’s representation in the United Nations. Although it has not changed the status quo, it is the first step to realize that the era of the Taiwan authorities in the United Nations may be coming to an end

當年,聯合國大會決定將中國的代表權問題列為一個重要問題,需要2/3的投票才能改變中國在聯合國的代表權。儘管它沒有改變現狀,但這是認識到台灣當局在聯合國的時代可能即將結束的第一步…

1971年也是如此。阿爾巴尼亞是中華人民共和國最親密的盟友,它提出了「立即驅逐蔣介石的代表,恢復中華人民共和國的權利」的決議,基本上意味著推翻原有代表的合法性,邀請中華人民共和國入場。

美國網友妄稱:為什麼我們不能幹脆把中國踢出聯合國五常之列呢?

The United States proposed targeted resolutions that allowed both sides to enjoy representation, but both failed. Resolution 2758 of the United Nations General Assembly was adopted on October 25, 1971 by 76 votes in favour, 35 votes against, 17 abstentions and two abstentions. The people’s Republic of China began to represent China on November 15 and participated in its first UN Security Council meeting on November 23.

美國提出了針對性決議,允許雙方都享有代表權,但都失敗了。聯合國大會第2758號決議於1971年10月25日以76票贊成、35票反對、17票棄權和兩票棄權獲得通過。中華人民共和國於11月15日開始代表中國,並於11月23日參加了其第一次聯合國安理會會議。

Therefore, new China’s position as a permanent member of the United Nations is justified.

因此,新中國聯合國常任理事國的位置獲得的名正言順。


美國網友妄稱:為什麼我們不能幹脆把中國踢出聯合國五常之列呢?

Of course, China, like the United States, has the ability to have its own position. Remember that the permanent members of the Security Council include not only the victorious countries after the war, but also those countries that need to reach agreement to carry out any large-scale global action in the post-war world.

當然,中國像美國一樣有能力擁有自己的位置。請記住,安全理事會常任理事國不僅包括戰後的勝利國,還包括需要達成一致才能在戰後世界開展任何大規模全球行動的國家。

Therefore, if someone advocates changing the permanent membership of the Security Council, changing the membership of the Security Council cannot only adapt to the changes in the global population structure. The permanent members must have a certain influence on the majority of the world’s population, because they are often responsible for what they do in the end. Therefore, Arabs should not call for Qatar to replace Britain just because Europeans are too representative, just because there are no permanent members in the Middle East to safeguard their regional interests.

因此,如果有人主張改變安理會常任理事國席位,那麼改變安理會成員國席位不能僅僅是為了適應全球人口結構的變化,常任理事國必須對全世界多數人口有一定的影響力,因為它們最終往往要對所做的事情負責。所以,阿拉伯人不能僅僅因為歐洲人的代表性過高而呼籲用卡達取代英國,只是因為中東沒有常任理事國來維護其地區利益。

Needless to say, China and the United States, Britain, France and Russia, are irreplaceable.

先不用說世界兩極中國和美國,就是英法和俄羅斯,也是不可取代的。

Since the Soviet era, Russia’s military strength, economic strength and diplomatic attraction have declined a lot. But then again, it still has a lot of natural resources that can be used to develop the economy and leverage for diplomatic purposes. It still has more than 6000 nuclear weapons, and it still has some diplomatic influence left over from the Soviet era. Besides, who can replace them? Although India and Brazil have slightly larger economies, they do not have the military capacity and diplomatic strength of Russia.

自蘇聯時代以來,俄羅斯在軍事實力、經濟實力和外交吸引力方面都下降了不少。但話說回來,它仍然擁有大量的自然資源,可以用來發展經濟並為外交目的發揮槓桿作用,它仍然擁有超過6000枚核武器,而且它仍然有蘇聯時代遺留下來的一些外交影響力。除此之外,誰可以來取代他們?雖然印度和巴西的經濟規模略大,但它們既沒有俄羅斯那樣的軍事能力,也沒有俄羅斯那樣的外交實力。

Western Europe has two permanent members, which is undeniably overrepresented. But then again, which country will replace them? Although Britain’s economy is weaker than France, it often enjoys considerable diplomatic support and better armed forces. Nevertheless, France’s economic performance today is much better than that of Britain, and it is not regarded as a burden on the US running dog in the field of diplomacy.

西歐擁有兩個常任理事國,不可否認其代表性過高。但話說回來,用哪個國家來取代它們呢?雖然英國的經濟比法國弱,但它往往享有相當多的外交支持,並擁有更好的武裝力量。儘管如此,法國今天的經濟表現比英國好得多,也沒有被視為美國在外交領域的走狗的負擔。

If it comes to a critical juncture, who will replace any of the five major powers? There are usually four main candidates (India, Brazil, Japan and Germany). Although the four main candidates have relatively large economic scale and healthy regional strength, they all lack the ability to project as much power as the current permanent members of the Security Council at the global level (it can be said that Germany’s ability to project hard power may be slightly higher than France, but the “newborn” of modern Germany lacks the historical soft power that France can project when participating in international diplomacy). Moreover, replacing France with Germany will not really solve the growing transfer of power that the world seems to be experiencing.

如果到了緊要關頭,誰將取代這五大國中的任何一個?通常有四個主要候選人(印度、巴西、日本和德國)。雖然四個主要候選人都有相對較大的經濟規模和健康的地區實力,可它們都缺乏在全球層面投射與安理會現任常任理事國同樣多的權力的能力(有人可以說,德國投射硬實力的能力可能略高於法國,但現代德國的「新生」缺乏法國在參與國際外交時所能投射的歷史軟實力)。此外,將法國換成德國並不能真正解決世界目前似乎正在經歷的日益增長的權力轉移問題。

美國網友妄稱:為什麼我們不能幹脆把中國踢出聯合國五常之列呢?

However, in the coming decades, countries like India will put forward very reasonable reasons on the issue of permanent members of the Security Council. The favorable population structure shows that stable population and economic growth enable India to prove that it is more capable of influencing global change and implementing the decisions of the Security Council than countries like France and Britain.

然而,在未來幾十年裡,像印度這樣的國家將在安理會常任理事國問題上提出非常合理的理由,有利的人口結構表明穩定的人口和經濟增長使印度能夠證明,它比法國和英國這樣的國家更有能力影響全球變化和執行安理會的決定。

However, no external force is likely to make a comprehensive change to the permanent members, because it goes against the original intention of creating permanent members to some extent. In addition, the Security Council is unlikely to truly represent the global population because it does not intend to represent the global population. On the contrary, the Security Council is a mechanism to provide mutual restraint among major powers, which is more conducive to the overall situation of the global balance of power.

然而,任何外力都不太可能對常任理事國進行全面的改變,因為這在某種程度上違背了一開始創建常任理事國的初衷。此外,安理會不太可能真正代表全球人口,因為它不打算代表全球人口,相反,安全理事會是提供各大國相互制約的機制,更有利於全球力量平衡的大局。


美國網友妄稱:為什麼我們不能幹脆把中國踢出聯合國五常之列呢?

If the UN Security Council is to continue to play a role, the answer is No.

如果聯合國安理會要繼續發揮作用,那麼答案是否定的。

China is one of the most ambitious members of the Security Council so far. They hope to eventually replace the United States as the world’s leading power (considering the development of events, it is likely to achieve this goal by 2050). Thanks to trump, China’s influence has even exceeded their own prediction, because over the past four years, people have seen the consequences of almost complete isolationism in the United States being reversed.

中國是迄今為止最雄心勃勃的安理會成員國之一,他們希望最終取代美國成為世界領先大國(考慮到事態的發展,2050年前很有可能實現這一目標),多虧了川普,中國的影響力甚至超過了他們自己的預測,因為在過去4年中,人們看到美國幾乎完全孤立主義的後果正在反噬。

Now China has more or less replaced the power once possessed by the Soviet Union (now Russia). Despite Russia’s outcry, they are now at best a regional power. Canada’s economy is larger than Russia’s, and their army (especially the Navy) is only a shadow compared with the past.

現在中國或多或少已經取代了蘇聯(現在的俄羅斯)曾經擁有的權力。儘管俄羅斯大聲疾呼,但他們現在充其量只是一個地區大國。加拿大的經濟規模比俄羅斯大,他們的軍隊(尤其是海軍)與過去相比只是一個影子。

In anyone’s view, there is no doubt that China’s status as a permanent member of the United Nations has good reasons. If anything, it is England / Britain that is most likely to fall into obscurity. This outright brexit, coupled with the pandemic and other foolish actions, has done so much harm to itself that no one can guess how much Britain will lose in a few years. At the same time, India is also rising economically, politically and militarily, and will become China’s competitor in the Indian Ocean in the next 30 years. It is quite interesting to cancel Britain’s status as the five permanent members of the United Nations.

在任何人看來,毫無疑問,中國在聯合國常任理事國的地位是有充分理由的。如果說有什麼區別的話,最有可能淪為默默無聞的是英格蘭/英國。這種徹頭徹尾的英國脫歐,再加上大流行和其他各種愚蠢的舉動,給自己造成了如此多的傷害,以至於沒人能猜到英國在幾年內會損失多少。與此同時,印度在經濟、政治和軍事上也在崛起,並將在未來30年成為中國在印度洋的競爭對手,取消英國成為聯合國五常的地位還是頗有看點的。

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