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蘇伊士運河“大堵船”剛疏通,“添堵”的事兒又來了 – 有海水的地方就有中國人

蘇伊士運河“大堵船”剛疏通,“添堵”的事兒又來了

蘇伊士運河“大堵船”剛疏通,“添堵”的事兒又來了
2,424

 

搁浅近6天,22万吨巨轮“长赐”号(Ever Given)的命运不仅牵动了很多人的心,也牵动着整个世界的经济。如今,漫长的等待似乎终于迎来了终点。

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△当地时间29日“长赐”号在拖船牵引下恢复航行(图片来自苏伊士运河管理局)

当地时间3月29日下午,在救援队伍的努力下,从23日开始堵塞苏伊士运河航道的“长赐”号货轮已成功脱浅并被拖至大苦湖进行技术检查,苏伊士运河航道重新开始恢复通行。

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△截至北京时间30日18时在运河两端等待通航的船只(图片来自船只追踪网站“VesselFinder”)

埃及苏伊士运河管理局30日表示,目前已有超100艘货船驶入苏伊士运河,运河疏通后将全天24小时运行,滞留在运河中的400多艘船将在3到4天内彻底通行。

拥堵6天 多方面临巨大损失

苏伊士运河连接红海与地中海,是贯通欧亚非三大洲的重要国际海运航道。“长赐”号搁浅6天,对运河管理部门、等待通航的船只、等待货物的零售商等而言,都意味着将面临巨额损失。

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苏伊士运河“大堵”,埃及政府每天的通行费损失就达到1200万至1400万美元。

对于停在苏伊士运河入口处等待通关的巨型油轮来说,每船每天需付3万至8万美元停泊费。

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另外,滞留在海面的船只当中至少有20艘装满牲畜,船上载有数千只牛羊。如果饲料耗尽,船又无法靠港,这些动物很可能面临饥饿、脱水和伤病等情况。

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“长赐”号被成功施救后,事故责任方需要向负责救援的荷兰斯密特打捞公司支付救援费,预估可能高达数千万美元。

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△搁浅的“长赐”号和正在作业的救援船(图片来自苏伊士运河管理局)

另外,苏伊士运河被堵期间,有数十艘船只选择了绕过非洲好望角的替代路线。相比通过苏伊士运河,替代路线将多耗费大约2周的时间,额外支付数十万美元的燃料和其他费用。

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德国保险公司安联最新研究显示,搁浅导致的苏伊士运河封锁或使全球贸易每天损失60亿至100亿美元。

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△图片来自安联保险公司官网

此外,运输延误产生的大量保险赔付请求,让从事海运保险的金融机构承压,接下来或将引发再保险领域动荡。

拥堵结束 或将迎漫长“索赔大戏”

从救援费用到货物延误成本,苏伊士运河“堵船”导致的巨大损失由谁来买单?

“长赐”号运营方 中国台湾长荣海运:赔偿为船东责任

关于赔偿问题,“长赐”号租赁运营方台湾长荣海运公司的董事长张衍义25日回应称,此次意外赔偿为船东的责任,意外发生对长荣来说是一种商誉损失,说不定还可以依此向日方求偿,据传偿金高达数百万美元。

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3月29日晚,长荣海运在官网发布公告称,将与船东及其他相关机构完成事故调查报告后,协调船东处理后续事宜。

“长赐”号船东 日本正荣汽船公司:承担部分责任

3月27日,该货轮的船东,日本正荣汽船公司发表声明,对事故给其他运输企业造成的影响道歉,并表示公司确实要承担部分责任,但长荣海运也要与货主进行交涉。

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△26日,正荣汽船公司就阻塞航道事件召开记者会并道歉

《日本产经新闻》30日报道,苏伊士运河管理局很有可能在埃及当地起诉正荣汽船公司,要求其赔偿相关损失。货轮还对运河河岸造成了直接损伤,修复费用可能也需要由正荣方面承担。

“长赐”号船东的承保单位(大英船东互保协会)是国际保赔协会集团(P&I Club)的一员,因此日本船东可能可以从该集团获得总计31亿美元的责任保险。但业内人士表示,目前尚不清楚这是否足以弥补堵在运河内上百艘船舶的损失。

苏伊士运河管理局:等待调查结果 暂不索赔

苏伊士运河管理局主席拉比耶日前表示,将在调查结束后确定事故责任方。关于索赔,苏伊士运河当局回应,在事故调查结果出炉之前,苏伊士运河当局暂不会提出相关索赔事宜,但会保留索赔权对责任方追究赔款。

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△埃及苏伊士运河管理局负责人商讨营救措施(图片来自美联社)

埃及总统海港和苏伊士运河事务顾问马米什29日表示,埃及方面有权向搁浅货轮的日本船东索赔。

全球贸易推迟损失 责任难定

印度Livemint网站27日称,目前等待通过运河的上百艘船中,大多数可能没有为货物延期承保。根据行业惯例,货主需要自行购买保险以防范损害风险,而不是依赖船东为其货物提供保险。然而,标准的货运保单保护的是货物的损失或损坏,而不是延误的费用。

现在绕行好望角的船只也将无法就所涉及的额外费用和时间提出索赔,因为这被认为是一种“经济损失”,通常无法获得赔偿,这意味着租船方将自己负担一定费用。

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美国媒体称,一场推诿责任的大戏将上演:“长赐”号和其他船只上的货物的所有者将向各自的保险公司寻求赔偿,这些保险公司会向“长赐”号的船东日本正荣汽船公司索赔,而船东则会向它的保险公司寻求保护。

保险专业人士预计,这将产生大量诉讼案,且不知胜算如何。

 

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