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拋開中澳關系發展,對澳洲鐵礦石的依賴可能短期內無法改變? – 有海水的地方就有中國人

拋開中澳關系發展,對澳洲鐵礦石的依賴可能短期內無法改變?

拋開中澳關系發展,對澳洲鐵礦石的依賴可能短期內無法改變?
2,974
抛开中澳关系发展,对澳洲铁矿石的依赖可能短期内无法改变?

澳洲重点商品出口未受影响,大麦和葡萄酒成为目标。

铁矿石价格提升对生产、投资有支撑作用。

中国在新冠肺炎之后寻求通过基础设施投资来刺激经济,而澳大利亚占全球铁矿石运输量的一半以上,因此中国几乎没有其他选择。分析师表示,如果北京试图只向非澳大利亚生产商采购,充其量只能获得其通常进口量的56%。

抛开中澳关系发展,对澳洲铁矿石的依赖可能短期内无法改变?

“在可预见的未来,中国很可能继续依赖澳大利亚铁矿石,”分析师表示。这反映出 “全球供应缺乏弹性,中国每年的进口需求远远超过其他国家的海运供应”。

最近几个月,北京对澳大利亚葡萄酒和大麦征收陡峭的关税,并限制牛肉和海鲜等其他商品,加大了对全球最依赖中国的发达经济体的压力。自2018年澳洲禁止华为技术有限公司建设5G网络后,双方关系恶化,今年早些时候,当澳大利亚呼吁对武汉大疫的起源进行独立调查时,双方关系骤然恶化。

抛开中澳关系发展,对澳洲铁矿石的依赖可能短期内无法改变?

迄今为止,受中国限制措施影响的出口总值仅占澳大利亚国内生产总值的0.3%。然而,据高盛估计,如果中国政府采取禁止澳大利亚铁矿石进口的核选项,那将使GDP增长在12个月内减少约2个百分点,使经常账户扩大400亿澳元(297亿美元),相当于GDP的2%,并使澳大利亚的预算赤字吹掉120亿澳元,占GDP的0.6%。

中国一直试图通过购买改善巴西长途运输经济性的矿石运输船,以及购买几内亚矿山,让自己拥有更大的灵活性。然而,淡水河谷公司(Vale SA)一座矿山发生事故后,生产问题不断,这意味着巴西不太可能在2022年底前恢复满负荷生产。

上周铁矿石飙升至七年高位,由于中国钢厂强劲的钢铁需求,铁矿石交易价格高于每吨140澳元。高涨的价格使一些规模较小的澳大利亚矿山重获生机;同时,必和必拓有限公司、力拓集团和Fortescue Metals Group Ltd.正在投资数十亿澳元建设新矿,这些新矿将在未来几个月内投产。

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