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“谷神星一號”成功发射,中國做到了兩個“首次” – 有海水的地方就有中國人

“谷神星一號”成功发射,中國做到了兩個“首次”

“谷神星一號”成功发射,中國做到了兩個“首次”
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图 “谷神星一号”发射成功

航天事业的技术革新和相关实验是不能中断的,在今年更是爆出我国运载火箭首飞成功的消息,据笔者了解的卫星发射事件都不下5起了,而就在周六,我国的商业运载火箭,“谷神星一号”在酒泉卫星发射中心更是传来了发射成功的消息。

据新华网近日报道,在当天下午15时12分,“谷神星一号简阳号”成功首飞,并搭载了天启星座11星送入了预定轨道。

据了解,这艘火箭是由北京星河动力装备科技有限公司研制的小型固体商业运载火箭,能够满足近地轨道对于微小型卫星的发射需求,而且它是一款民营火箭,而这次发射的目的就是要令其入轨500公里的太阳同步轨道.

它搭载的天启星座11星,作为国家天启物联网星座的重要组成部分,负责提供数据传输和采集等任务,由北京星河动力装备科技有限公司和上海埃依斯航天科技有限公司负责研制,北京国电高科科技有限公司负责它的应用。

就外形看,它是一枚四级固体运载火箭,其中一二三级均采用了固体发动机,而第四级采用了先进液体上面级,直径达1.4米,全长19米,起飞总重量为31吨,而在500公里外的太阳同步轨道上运载能力也达到了300公斤。

另外据了解,作为第四次在酒泉中心发射的民商运载火箭,这也是第二次民营火箭成功入轨。这次发射成功也让星河动力顺利实现了两个“全球首个”:即成为了全球首个发射即挑战500公里的SSO同步轨道成功,全球首个从成立到成功将卫星送入轨道花费时间最短的民营企业公司。

技术上来看,这次的发射成功也间接体现了两种技术的成功应用:即“垂直自瞄准”和“矢量固体推力”等关键技术也是首次用在商业民营运载火箭上,预计该卫星转入平台即载荷测试的两周以后,可以面向全球提供精确而系统的数据通信服务。

而据了解,星河动力在今年的九月完成了A轮的融资,其中就包括了在研的兄弟卫星“智神星1号”的研发工作和“谷神星”1号的批产能力配置。

其实当前我国的卫星研制这段时间来又成功的令很多卫星系统的家族成员一一问世,而当务之急就是得配套出相应的运载火箭,并且据了解星河动力公司接下了至少三艘以上的火箭预定,在不久的将来就要实现。

而就这次发射活动的根本目的来看,它不像传统火箭那样发射上去是为了科学测试和实验,对于500公里的近地太阳轨道来说,它一上去就是要干活的,这样才能发挥它的作用和意义。

为什么这次民营火箭会这么成功呢,这主要是因为前段时间中国向国际电联提交了国家卫星发射计划,由于它的发射任务庞大,而运载量却十分有限,这才有了民营航天的机会。

所以它的国防意义也十分重大,因为据电信联盟提出的规定,即申请完这一整批轨道资源后,需要完成在五年内按照规定发射上千颗卫星的任务,这也足以说明了中国将面临的研发压力。

中国在去年共完成了34次轨道发射任务,而美国是21次,但客观的说后者不论火箭运载量和运载能力都要优于我国,美国的这些火箭有足够的卫星搭载量而中国并不具备。

中国在接下来的五年将面临的压力可想而知,未来的大规模批量发射主要还是取决于大中型液体火箭的发射能力,而现在的星河路线采用的是固液并举的研发布局模式,而且固体和液体火箭的发射存在不少共性。

而固体火箭的研发成功率较高,相信这种成功模式也会适当合理的转移至液态火箭上,为后者的成功发射打下良好而坚实的基础,也相信星河动力能够坚持这种正确的研发路线并能取得新的技术突破,为将来500公里的太阳同步卫星轨道上一系列星座的建立铺平道路!

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