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聽咳嗽聲就能判斷有沒感染新冠?這套人工智能可能要立功了 – 有海水的地方就有中國人

聽咳嗽聲就能判斷有沒感染新冠?這套人工智能可能要立功了

聽咳嗽聲就能判斷有沒感染新冠?這套人工智能可能要立功了
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随着北半球逐渐进入冬季,人们对环境和健康有了新的关注,凛冬将至,异鬼来袭。对不起,跑错片场了,应该说新冠会不会再次肆虐?其实做好基础防护和加强锻炼,是不用太担心的。

只是到了换季的时候,来个小感冒流鼻涕或咳嗽也很正常,但很多人还是会疑虑自己会不会中招了,或者是无症状感染者。对此,麻省理工学院的科学家们开发了一套AI系统,用于判断你的咳嗽是否为新冠所导致的。

▲麻省理工学院新闻办公室刊文

从定义上看,感染了新冠的无症状者没有明显的身体症状,所以他们不太可能主动进行病毒检测,但却可能在不知不觉中传播给其他人。

但无症状的人并非完全不受病毒造成的影响,麻省理工学院的研究人员发现,没无症状者的咳嗽方式跟健康人是不一样的,这些差异人耳无法辨认,但事实证明,可以被人工智能发现。

根据发表在《IEEE医学与生物学工程杂志》(IEEE Journal of Engineering In Medicine and Biology)上的一篇论文研究,研究小组报告了一种AI模型,能通过咳嗽录音(人们可以通过浏览器和手机、笔记本等设备自愿提交),将无症状人群与健康人区分开来。

研究人员根据数以万计的咳嗽样本和口语训练了这个模型,然后给模型提供新的咳嗽记录时,它能准确地识别出98.5%的咳嗽来自于被证实患有新冠的人,包括识别出100%的无症状者的咳嗽,后者报告他们没有症状,但病毒检测呈阳性。

据报道,这个 AI 系统共包含三个神经元网络,一个用于听你的咳嗽声本身,一个用于检查呼吸系统是否弱化(咳嗽是否愈来愈无力),第三个则是判断是否有因神经衰弱导致的情绪不稳定。

虽然听起来略微复杂,但经过实测它有着高度的准确性,正如前文提到的,在已知感染新冠的样本中,人工智能可以正确辨认出98.5%为感染者,而当中的无症状感染者,更是有着100% 的辨识率。

科学家计划将该技术做成作为「预筛」功能的App,一旦身体不适引起咳嗽时,只需要让它听一下,心里就有底了,能对自己感染的风险多少有点了解。但需要注意的是,人工智能依然有其局限性,也无法真正取代核酸检测等主流方法,但从正面的影响来说,至少能缓解一点医疗检验系统(和咳嗽者)的压力。

如果FDA(美国食品药品监督管理局)批准并大规模采用这个App,将会成为一个免费、方便、无创的预筛选工具,用于识别可能对新冠无症状的人。用户可以每天登录,通过手机记录他们的咳嗽,就可以快速得到是否可能被感染的信息,以便通过正式的测试来做进一步确认。

对很多国家来说,如果每个人在去学校、上班或餐厅之前都用下这个App,其作为预判工具的有效实施可以减少大流行的传播。有点类似于体温计的存在,至少让你能判断自身状况,避免耽误治疗。对我天朝国民来说,还是老实做个核酸检测,毕竟报销那么多。

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