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目標直指釣魚島?美日搞聯合奪島演習,想招應對中國海警 – 有海水的地方就有中國人

目標直指釣魚島?美日搞聯合奪島演習,想招應對中國海警

目標直指釣魚島?美日搞聯合奪島演習,想招應對中國海警
2,934

日本自卫队员在演习中搭乘直升机登陆“夺岛”。

【环球时报特约记者章节】“成千上万的美国和日本军队正在参加二战以来尚未发生过的‘蛙跳夺岛’战役。”澳洲新闻网10月31日对美日“利剑-2021”演习的夺岛演练做出如此耸人听闻的报道,以至于让人感觉“一场大战即将开始”。尤其值得注意的是,近年来美日不断加强夺岛动作,这次“利剑-2021”演习还特意增加了击退中国海警船的内容,目标直指钓鱼岛。

搭“鱼鹰”夺岛

澳洲新闻网的报道称,联合夺岛是“利剑-2021”演习的核心部分,主要任务是“派遣战斗部队捍卫尖阁列岛(即我钓鱼岛)或应对其他危机和突发事件”。美军出动“里根”号航母战斗群为该区域的20艘军舰和170架飞机提供空中支持,约有4.6万名士兵将参加在冲绳和日本以外地区进行的演习。美国海军陆战队率先泅渡到“被占领”的岛上侦察,然后由MV-22“鱼鹰”倾转旋翼机搭载后续部队上岛,AH-1Z攻击直升机负责警戒和保护。美国海军在声明中宣称:“我们有能力在重要海域采取行动并迅速占领关键地点,以确保我们履行对日本的义务并维持印度洋-太平洋地区的自由和开放”。

日本共同社10月31日介绍了这次夺岛演习的情况。整个“利剑-2021”演习从10月26日持续到11月5日,日本出动约3.7万名自卫队员,美军参演官兵约9000名。防卫省统合幕僚监部透露,自卫队和美军在鹿儿岛县十岛村的无人岛卧蛇岛共同实施“离岛防卫训练”。演习设想钓鱼岛出现“突发事态”时,日美如何联合向被占岛屿投送兵力“牵制中国”。自卫队直升机和美军MV-22“鱼鹰”运输机将首先把突击队员送到“被占领”的岛上,随后在空中支援下击退敌人。美军派出约40名海军陆战队员,搭乘从海上自卫队鹿屋航空基地起飞的两架“鱼鹰”出战;自卫队派出陆上自卫队的离岛防卫专门部队“水陆机动团”以及海上自卫队的直升机母舰“日向”号。在夺岛战斗中,陆上自卫队的直升机和美军“鱼鹰”参加了岛上的战斗项目。

夺岛演习“重头在戏外”

据介绍,美日公开的联合夺岛演习最早开始于2006年,当年1月,美日首度举行代号“铁拳”的“离岛夺回演习”。那次演习模拟远离日本本土的“某西南孤立岛屿”遭占领,美日合作重夺该岛。此后“岛屿夺回”演习几乎成为美日联合军演的必修课。美国、日本也时常各自单独进行夺岛训练。

接受《环球时报》采访的专家11月1日表示,从美日方面的公开报道来看,这次夺岛参演兵力不到200人,相较整个“利剑”演习的参演兵力是非常少的。其重要原因是演练内容主要针对小型岛屿作战,不可能集中投入大规模的登岛力量。但这次夺岛演练有很强的针对性,是针对钓鱼岛量身打造的。

专家表示,这种争夺有限空间岛屿控制权的作战,难点并不在如何登岛上,而在于作战前后夺取并掌握周围的海空控制权。在这次演习中,美日双方主要兵力实际上是用于保障登岛,例如美军动用了“里根”号航母战斗群、船坞登陆舰“阿什兰”号和驻日美空军第5航空军战机,日本出动了“加贺”号和“日向”号直升机母舰。这种针对小型岛屿的夺岛作战,除非是达成战略、战役的突然性,否则必须首先在取得制海权和制空权的情况下才能进行。夺岛后,也必须牢牢掌握制海权和制空权,否则即便有部队登岛,那也很快会被消灭。所以,其难点并不在夺岛上。

联合应对中国海警船?

除了立体登陆夺岛演习外,澳洲新闻网还提到,这次“利剑-2021”专门设置了如何应对中国海警船的内容。报道称,鉴于正规军之间的对撞很危险,中日目前围绕钓鱼岛的争端主要是中国海警和日本海上保安厅的对峙。“中国海警船一年四季都在这些偏僻岛屿周围徘徊,力不从心的日本在这种对峙中逐步退缩。‘利剑-2021’大规模演习就是要演练如何应对这种局面,美日海上力量将联合击退中国海警船”。

而对于日本来说,可能更倾向于加强其准军事力量的建设。为对抗中国大型海警船,日本海上保安厅已在钓鱼岛周边部署了专门负责该海域的12艘大型巡视船。同时日本计划部署PLH级大型直升机巡视船,它的排水量约6500吨,将在2021年完成部署。日本海上保安厅还增设一条可以实时传送钓鱼岛海域状况的卫星链路,以加强对钓鱼岛及其附近海域的“实时监控力度”。

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