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印度人均GDP比不上孟加拉,埋怨中國在南亞經濟影響力的擴大 – 有海水的地方就有中國人

印度人均GDP比不上孟加拉,埋怨中國在南亞經濟影響力的擴大

印度人均GDP比不上孟加拉,埋怨中國在南亞經濟影響力的擴大
2,578

南亚第一大国的经济比不上友好的小邻国,这可能吗?衡量经济有很多种指标和数据,不能一概而论。但印度在向周边国家的经济辐射方面确实存在着问题,导致周边国家的经济增长甚至要快于它。

据印度媒体最近发布的消息,孟加拉国的人均GDP达到了1,887.97美元,将将超过了印度的1,876.53美元,而印度政府却不愿意直面这个问题。

如果你觉得这个数据可信度有问题,那么看看邻国斯里兰卡的人均国内生产总值吧,斯里兰卡的这一数据约为4,000美元,已经是印度的两倍。这就是无法轻易回避的问题了。

印度的所有邻国都加入了中国的“一带一路”倡议。毫无疑问,已成为世界第二强国的中国正在扩大其在印度洋的影响力。孟加拉国于2016年加入“一带一路”倡议。

自那时以来,中国已成为该国最大的外国投资者。中国目前的投资额为260亿美元,资金承诺额约为380亿美元。而印度目前在孟加拉国的投资总额仅有30亿美元。

显然,四年来中国在印度的投资远远超过了印度。中国也已成为孟加拉国最大的贸易伙伴。两国2019年的贸易总额约为180亿美元。印度和孟加拉国之间的贸易额约为100亿美元。

孟加拉国与印度和中国都有贸易逆差。但很显然,经济实力更强的中国可以提供给孟加拉更好的外贸待遇。

从去年七月起,中国对孟加拉国97%的出口产品提供了零关税待遇。而孟加拉国从中国购买的武器占到了其武器进口的70%以上。虽然印度与孟加拉没有战争风险,但此事依然令印度非常不快。

孟加拉对于中国最大的战略意义就是吉大港。在中国无法广大地使用印度各大港口之时,吉大港就成为中国区域贸易和连通性的枢纽。

从中东到印度洋,中国获得了包括吉布提,巴基斯坦,斯里兰卡,孟加拉,缅甸等一系列港口节点。这些港口的补给可以大大提高中国商船的贸易能力,甚至能为中国海军提供支持。

另一方面,印度自1983年以来的优柔寡断也促进了中国在孟加拉国的经济影响力的扩大。孟加拉依赖于从印度流入该国的河流,曾尝试与新德里就Teesta河达成水资源共享协议。

但印度没有同意。这导致孟加拉开始依赖中国管理其水资源。最近,孟加拉向中国申请了10亿美元的贷款,用于帮助其在干旱季节管理Teesta水位的项目,以解决孟加拉旱季干旱,雨季洪涝的问题。毫无疑问,这笔贷款将增强北京在孟加拉的影响力。

印度洋和孟加拉湾是全球重要的能源运送通道,石油产品有25%通过此处运输。其次,有证据表明这个区域存在大量的石油,天然气和矿产资源。

未来这里可能会成为中国,印度,日本,美国,俄罗斯新一轮的能源争夺地。印度如果想要维持在印度洋的影响力,必须具备辐射周边国家的经济能力。

但打铁还需自身硬,如果印度的建设能力继续如此低下,那么在自身难保的情况下是绝对无法竞争过外来的大国的。

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