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中國新型導彈接連列裝,為何還要用老掉牙的火炮守島?錢不是重點 – 有海水的地方就有中國人

中國新型導彈接連列裝,為何還要用老掉牙的火炮守島?錢不是重點

中國新型導彈接連列裝,為何還要用老掉牙的火炮守島?錢不是重點
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目前来看,中国在反舰导弹技术方面已经达到了世界一流水准,中国生产的C-802反舰导弹其实在中东地区也曾有实战经验,东风-21D等新型反舰弹道导弹更是“独步天下”,令他国航空母舰不敢接近我国领海。可是有不少图片却显示,中国海军驻南海岛礁的防御部队,很少装备反舰导弹,而是基本依靠岛屿上的固定炮台阵地作战,只有极少数的岛礁才装备一定数量的反舰导弹。那么,我国导弹技术如此发达,为何岛礁部队却仍要依靠火炮作战呢?其实,这一问题需要综合来看,绝不只是造价过高的问题。

中国新型导弹接连列装,为何还要用老掉牙的火炮守岛?钱不是重点

首先,我国守岛部队属于防御性作战单位,其存在意义并非是进攻,而是在对手来袭时保护驻守的岛屿。在对手进入我国领海基线之前,守岛部队其实不会攻击对手。在这种情况下,守岛部队实际没有装备射程普遍超过一百公里反舰导弹的意义。现代火炮普遍射程达到了20公里,如果是火箭增程弹还可以进一步延伸自身的射程,我军装备的76毫米岸防炮也具有防空作战能力,作战时完全可以用于拦截对手低空飞行的直升机,或者是速度较慢的战斗机。在这种情况下火炮已经完全可以满足海防部队的实际需求,从作战需求层面上没有必要装备反舰导弹等远程攻击武器。

中国新型导弹接连列装,为何还要用老掉牙的火炮守岛?钱不是重点

同时,反舰导弹的维护也十分复杂,特别是在岛屿等湿度、盐分较大的地方,导弹内的电子设备很有可能会被空气中的盐分腐蚀,从而导致其发射装置出现故障。如果定期运回岸上补给还需要浪费本就不充裕的运输配额,遇到海况较差的恶劣情况时,导弹有可能数个月时间无法接受定期维修补给。一般守岛部队兵力在一个连以内,一百多号士兵很难单独拉出一个排来维护一枚导弹,装备更多导弹又不在守岛部队的能力范围内,甚至有的海防站点只有一个班的兵力,根本无法伺候复杂的反舰导弹。

中国新型导弹接连列装,为何还要用老掉牙的火炮守岛?钱不是重点

现代火炮的炮弹由于体积较小、射速较快,基本上无法拦截。同等情况下,现代绝大多数军舰具有拦截导弹的能力,1-2枚导弹根本无法突破对手海军战舰的导弹拦截圈。总的来看,过于脆弱的对手用不上反舰导弹,过于强大的对手用上了反舰导弹也不能给对方造成多大伤亡。同时,我国的岛礁大多在岸基战斗机的作战半径之内,如果真的遇上了强大的对手,岛礁守军只能起到阻滞作用,等到战斗机飞到后便可以依靠战斗机发射的反舰导弹来解决对手。除战机外,常年在南海海域巡航的054A导弹护卫舰和056型导弹护卫舰也足以对付南海地区绝大多数国家的海军。

中国新型导弹接连列装,为何还要用老掉牙的火炮守岛?钱不是重点

俄罗斯等国其实也装备了一定数量的岸防炮,基本会被用做近海火炮防御,而且它们也更多是对付扫雷艇、登陆艇等小型舰艇,也有可能会被直接拉到其他战场做支援火炮使用。在各国发明更小、效率更高同时维护难度更低的反舰武器之前,海防部队基本上没有可能全面换装反舰导弹。毕竟,现代武器装备不只是考虑武器的杀伤力,更多的是基于后勤、作战需求、经济效益等的多方面考量。

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