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牟林:美英澳為啥另起爐竈?說好的美日澳印呢?誰最懵圈誰最憤怒 – 有海水的地方就有中國人

牟林:美英澳為啥另起爐竈?說好的美日澳印呢?誰最懵圈誰最憤怒

牟林:美英澳為啥另起爐竈?說好的美日澳印呢?誰最懵圈誰最憤怒
2,411

人民网报道,美国白宫9月15日发布声明说,美国、英国、澳大利亚正式宣布建立一个名为“奥库斯(Aukus)”的三方安全伙伴关系。这个“奥库斯”被媒体称为“印太小北约”。此前,美日印澳四方机制也被媒体称为“亚洲小北约”,为什么美国还要搞个“奥库斯”呢?

牟林:美英澳为啥另起炉灶?说好的美日澳印呢?谁最懵圈谁最愤怒

与“四国机制”不同的是,“奥斯库”一成立,美国就宣布要联手英国帮助澳大利亚发展核潜艇,使其有能力在印太地区实施核潜艇巡航。这就凸显出它是一个“军事组织”,故称其为“印太小北约”更为贴切。

然而有趣的事接着来了。法国此前同澳大利亚签订的价值400亿美元的12艘潜艇采购合同给搅黄了。这让法国大为光火:“这种排挤法国的决定表明美国的战略缺乏一致性”“此举只是增强了欧洲达成战略自主的必要性。”美国毫不掩饰地宣称将向澳大利亚分享其机密、敏感的核潜艇技术。美英此举却引起了国际社会的质疑和谴责。16日,外交部发言人赵立坚在例行记者会上表示,美国、英国与澳大利亚开展核潜艇合作,严重破坏地区和平稳定,加剧军备竞赛,损害国际核不扩散协定。

牟林:美英澳为啥另起炉灶?说好的美日澳印呢?谁最懵圈谁最愤怒

这件事产生了以下效应:

一、澳大利亚很得意

美国和它的宗主国英国才是美国盟国体系的核心。澳大利亚这次虽被拉入这个小圈子,似乎升级了,但它的三流盟友的地位并无变化,只不过充当美国的在亚洲的马前卒而已。澳政客莫里森可不这样认为,他以为多年的反华表演终于有了回报,自己的地位升至美国的欧洲盟友之上,日本都难以望其项背。澳大利亚一夜之间成了拥有核潜艇及其技术的国家,着实可以得意一阵。受到澳大利亚的“鼓励”,日本会不会进一步再美国面前挣表现?有待观察。

牟林:美英澳为啥另起炉灶?说好的美日澳印呢?谁最懵圈谁最愤怒

二、欧盟很失落

欧盟很失落。9月16日,欧盟两位发言人相继表示,美英澳达成三边安全伙伴关系并未事先通报欧盟,欧盟将研究这一动态以及由此产生的影响,并由各成员国外长讨论对策。其实,欧盟早就应该明白美国是不可靠的。美国实际上是将欧盟视为自己的战略竞争对手的。美国为了压制欧盟的“独立”倾向,利用冷战遗产“北约组织”看着欧盟,只要欧盟一有风吹草动,美国就会出手。比如发动科索沃战争打压欧元。比如当法国提出建“欧洲军”时,北约秘书长立刻发出警告。美国死活不让俄罗斯加入北约,就是要让俄罗斯充当“敌人”的角色,美国才可能名正言顺地“保护欧盟”。美国曾经动员过法国脱欧未遂,又挑动英国脱欧,目的就是分裂和削弱欧洲。通过这次事件,欧盟应该认清美国本质,不要再听美国所谓“价值观联盟”的忽悠。欧洲需要战略自主,独立做出自己的判断和决策。

牟林:美英澳为啥另起炉灶?说好的美日澳印呢?谁最懵圈谁最愤怒

三、法国很愤怒

欧盟失落,欧盟的核心成员国很愤怒。澳英美交易导致法澳2016年签署的12艘价值660亿美元的潜艇出口合同被撕毁。面对这种既背离政治和安全信任,又劫夺军火生意的行为,法国外长和防长怒不可遏,称“极其失望”,斥责三国“背后捅刀”,抱怨“盟友间不该如此行事”。法国是欧盟战略自主的倡导者,这次事件也是美国国对法国的一个教训。法国应该认识到,美国为了达到自己的战略目标,什么背信弃义的事都干得出来。跟美国混除了自取其辱外没有出路。法国应该改弦更张,联合德、意等国积极推动欧盟战略自主,建立自己独立的武装力量。

牟林:美英澳为啥另起炉灶?说好的美日澳印呢?谁最懵圈谁最愤怒

四、英国很高兴

英国终于又获得主导世界事务的机会了。英国脱欧,不管美国如何忽悠,英国人的后悔之情是溢于言表的。英国多次提出二次公投,换了三任首相才勉强脱掉欧洲。脱离了欧洲,英国立马成了“雾都孤儿”,求美国收养成了英国政客主要的政治目标。所以,英国积极配合美国的遏华战略。在香港问题上试图为美国火中取栗;G7峰会前英国和美国又签署了一个《新大西洋宪章》;不久前,英国万里迢迢把唯一的女皇号航母派到南海来“自由航行”。这次又与美国组成了一个军事同盟“奥库斯”,进一步巩固了自己在美国心目中的地位,与北约其它盟国拉开了距离。

五、日印很蒙圈

有专家认为这是美国的一个昏招,它意在围堵中国,却给自己的盟友关系制造了“分裂”,这种看法有一定道理。包括“美日澳印四方机制”中的日本和印度心情也是复杂的,它们未必猜得透美国的心思,会产生不被信任感。日本或许要更加表现积极,尤其在台湾问题上,日本近来的动作幅度很大,明确叫嚣要阻止中国武统台湾。印度本身就是一个骑墙派,既想在美国那里捞好处,也想在俄国那里捞油水。金砖国家、上合组织都有它。美国知道印度心不诚,没有当印度是兄弟,利用印度的大国野心而已,不会信任印度的。美国搞一个三国军事同盟连日本都不带上玩,更不可能带印度玩。

牟林:美英澳为啥另起炉灶?说好的美日澳印呢?谁最懵圈谁最愤怒

六、中国可作为

这件事对中国而言是坏事,也可以变成好事。首先,中国可以依据联合国《核不扩散条约》谴责美国不顾国际规则,违反国际法,给地区和平带来威胁。这有利于中国争取战略主动。其次,中国的专家学者、智库和研究所可以帮助欧洲分析这件事情上对欧洲的不利,拉出一个美国坑害欧盟的清单,鼓励欧洲进行战略自主,推动《中欧投资协定》早日生效。再次,应该注意到新西兰反应强烈,反对澳大利亚的核潜艇到自己海域游弋,可以替新西兰发声,借此巩固中新关系。中国要注意始终把目标盯住美国,对澳大利亚无需多说。接下来,中国还要和11国谈加入“全面与进步跨太平洋伙伴关系协定”,可以借题发挥,为谈判创造良好的氛围。

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