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美國隱身轟炸機暴露缺陷!核心零部件缺失,發布招標尋求逆向仿製 – 有海水的地方就有中國人

美國隱身轟炸機暴露缺陷!核心零部件缺失,發布招標尋求逆向仿製

美國隱身轟炸機暴露缺陷!核心零部件缺失,發布招標尋求逆向仿製
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如今美軍是全球軍事實力最強大的國家之一,該國裝備的很多軍事裝備無論是從技術還是性能上都遙遙領先於其他國家,該國空軍早在上世紀就已經裝備的B2幽靈轟炸機甚至一度被外媒解析為這是一款外星人的裝備,這足以可見它的科幻程度。

然而就在近日,美軍的這款幽靈轟炸機卻出現了重大的問題,轟炸機的一個重要零部件缺失,重新更換卻成了難題,美國軍方已經發布招標,要求各公司進行逆向仿製。

美國隱身轟炸機暴露缺陷!核心零部件缺失,發布招標尋求逆向仿製

B2轟炸機是目前世界上綜合性能最強的轟炸機,沒有之一,它採用了隱身化設計,在不採用空中加油的情況之下航程超過了12000千米,具備全球到達和全球摧毀能力。它的最大起飛重量達到了170噸,可以通過內置彈艙攜帶23噸的彈藥執行任務,不僅可以進行常規打擊,而且還可以進行核打擊和核反擊,作戰能力十分強悍,已經成功參與多次實戰,成為了美軍對外威懾的重要手段。

美國隱身轟炸機暴露缺陷!核心零部件缺失,發布招標尋求逆向仿製

這款轟炸機是目前世界上最先進的轟炸機,而它的日常維護和保養卻異常昂貴。在研發之初,美軍原計劃批量採購,讓它成為下一代主力轟炸機,當時由於研發成本不斷升高,美軍最終採購數量只有21架,只好同非隱身的B52和B1B搭配使用。

如果算上分攤的研發成本,每架B2的造價已經超過了24億美元,成為目前世界上最為昂貴的軍用飛機,如果以重量計算,它的單位價格已經超過了黃金。

美國隱身轟炸機暴露缺陷!核心零部件缺失,發布招標尋求逆向仿製

美軍下一代隱身轟炸機B21也正在研發當中,不久將會完成首飛,同時美軍為了節省經費,已經打算將一些服役時間較長的B1B轟炸機退役,封存在飛機墳場中。B21更像是一款縮小升級版的B2,通過降低研發成本來實現大批量採購。

但是在它完全成熟之前,美軍的戰略威懾任務依然要依靠B2這些「老將」來支撐,因此,美軍這款已經服役了20餘年的轟炸機也必須時刻保持戰備狀態, 它們將至少服役十年以上。

美國隱身轟炸機暴露缺陷!核心零部件缺失,發布招標尋求逆向仿製

但是近日,這款轟炸機的載重熱交換器出現了問題,美軍計劃將這些的核心零部件進行更換,但是作為飛機的製造商諾斯洛普無法向軍方提供這一部件。很可能這些零部件的初始建造方法已經不能使用,或者是用於製造零部件的圖紙和技術已經缺失。

由於B2轟炸機的高度機密性,關於這些零部件的設計圖紙可能在某個時候神秘的消失了,也有可能是負責部件製造的二級或三級承包商已經消失,但不管怎麼說該轟炸機的載重熱交換器原廠商已經無法提供。

美國隱身轟炸機暴露缺陷!核心零部件缺失,發布招標尋求逆向仿製

該轟炸機的載重熱交換器主要使用空氣和乙二醇水液體為冷卻系統產生冷空氣為機載設備降溫。美軍只能對外招標,尋求廠商對這款轟炸機進行逆向工程,對載重熱交換器的核心進行逆向研究,通過開發逆向拆卸技術更換當前存在缺陷的核心零部件。

當然,在美軍中類似的問題時常存在,經常會有一些裝備因為缺少一些零部件而無法找到合適的供應商,美軍也正在尋求一種「尖端自動化3D掃描系統」,專門用於複製那些已經不再生產的戰機零部件,希望能夠徹底解決問題。

美國隱身轟炸機暴露缺陷!核心零部件缺失,發布招標尋求逆向仿製

相信這款轟炸機的載重熱交換器的重新製造將會不久之後得到解決,但是也從側面上反映了目前美國工業上的缺陷, 由於美國已經空心化的工業,未來將會有越來越多的老飛機無法找到合適的零部件替換。

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