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拜登上台或給中美關係帶來四大變化?沒這麼簡單,笑裡藏刀更可怕 – 有海水的地方就有中國人

拜登上台或給中美關係帶來四大變化?沒這麼簡單,笑裡藏刀更可怕

拜登上台或給中美關係帶來四大變化?沒這麼簡單,笑裡藏刀更可怕
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过去四年,美国特朗普政府动用了除战争外的所有选项打压中国,导致中美关系呈自由落体式下降。无疑,现阶段中美关系正处于两国建交四十年来的最低点,双方亟待破冰。本月20日,拜登正式就任美国第46任总统,全世界都在观望他反复强调的“改变”是什么,尤其是对全球最重要的双边关系——中美关系。

拜登上台或给中美关系带来四大变化?没这么简单,笑里藏刀更可怕

全球化智库(CCG)发布报告《拜登时代的中国与美国:趋势与应对》称,拜登时代美国对华政策会有所转变,中美关系将出现四大变化。

  1. 拜登政府对华政策会趋于理性,重新回到建制派所主张的传统轨道;
  • 有望重启对华贸易谈判,但强调与盟友的合作;
  • 中美多边合作领域有望拓宽,如在应对气候变化、抗击疫情等涉及双方共同利益的领域;
  • 人文交流预期将恢复,拜登政府会放松各类对华交往限制。

到目前为止,拜登本人并未就未来中美关系的走向有过清晰的路线表述,但中方欢迎拜登的上台能够给中美关系带来积极变化,共同促进世界和平稳定。近日,外交部发言人华春莹就表示,拜登总统在就职演说中多次提到美国有太多需要治愈,太多需要恢复,我想中美关系也是如此。显然,中方已经做好了与美国新政府进行有效接触的准备,乐见双边关系改善,接下来就要看美方是否有足够的诚意带来实质性变化。

拜登上台或给中美关系带来四大变化?没这么简单,笑里藏刀更可怕

对于华府的人事变动所带来的外溢效应,美国传统盟友均表示欢迎,欧盟委员会主席冯德莱恩更是称“美国回来了”,字里行间无不透露出对特朗普时期“美国优先”的憎恨。某种程度上说,拜登倒是不负众望,上任第一天就一口气签署15项行政命令和两项机构规定,包括重返《巴黎协定》、世卫组织,体现回归多边主义外交路线。但欢呼“美国回归”背后,美国的盟友实际上对拜登政府仍旧持谨慎的观望态度。其中法国总统马克龙和欧盟外交政策及安全事务高级代表博雷利就表示,欧洲无法确保美国的可靠程度,不能因拜登上台而转移视线。

拜登上台或给中美关系带来四大变化?没这么简单,笑里藏刀更可怕

美国盟友尚且对拜登上台“疑神疑鬼”,中国何尝不是如此。可以确定的是,中国欢迎美国新政府给中美关系带来积极变化,但不会一厢情愿地押注拜登会给中美关系带来实质性变化,大国博弈可不是过家家。中国是美国的战略竞争对手早已是美国朝野两党共识,作为奥巴马时期美国“亚太再平衡战略”重要参与者的副总统拜登应该不会如此健忘。换言之,拜登时代美国对华政策基本是换汤不换药,所谓的变化仅仅是指打法,相较于特朗普会伪装的绅士一些,可魔鬼始终是魔鬼。

拜登本人对华政策沉默是原因的,俗话说“攘外必先安内”,面对特朗普留下的烂摊子,拜登需要时间去恢复美国的元气,同时安抚疑心重重的盟友,若此时同中国亮牌,拜登将面临两线作战的艰难处境,对华外交暂时休兵不失为上策。当然,这种所谓的休兵建立在特朗普对华政策遗产之上,即不进一步对华施压。待美国缓过神后,拜登势必会图穷匕见。

拜登上台或给中美关系带来四大变化?没这么简单,笑里藏刀更可怕

知己知彼,百战不殆。借助拜登的执政核心团队的一系列任命,对其未来四年的对华政策可以了解一个大概。在对外政策上,美国国务卿的人事任命是一个重要风向标,被称为“美国史上最差国务卿”的蓬佩奥虽然走了,但其继任者也绝非善类。近日,美国候任国务卿布林肯表示“同意特朗普对华强硬政策”,中国是美国的“最大敌人”,仿佛就是蓬佩奥翻版。

此外,“重返亚太”推手坎贝尔将加入拜登政府,出任白宫国家安全委员会印度太平洋事务协调员,主管亚洲事务,包括对华关系。在敏感的贸易领域,拜登提名华裔戴琦担任贸易代表,她曾表示应该强硬和有策略地对付中国。不难看出,拜登极为重视对华关系,不排除中美关系有进一步恶化的可能性。

任尔风吹浪打,我自佁然不动。中国要进一步发展,中美关系是一个无法回避的问题,既然躲不掉,就只能狭路相逢勇者胜。

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