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美國人心態變了?為遏制中國发展變得歇斯底里,究竟在怕什麽? – 有海水的地方就有中國人

美國人心態變了?為遏制中國发展變得歇斯底里,究竟在怕什麽?

美國人心態變了?為遏制中國发展變得歇斯底里,究竟在怕什麽?
2,975

摘要:对于很多中国人来说,大家可能一直很疑惑,那就是为啥美国突然变得如此不友好,很多政客为了遏制中国的发展,甚至已经到了歇斯底里的地步。

以往咱们从国际政治的角度,从中国力量崛起,挑战美国霸权的角度做了解读。这种解读可以帮大家了解国与国之间的关系,但是却很难解释美国社会内部对中国态度的变化。最近我看到了一篇报道,一位来自英国的中国问题专家,对此谈了自己的一些看法,我觉得很有道理。今天咱们就结合这位学者的研究,跟大家一起做个解读。

在这位学者看来,今天美国人之所以对中国的心态发生变化,最根本的原因是自己的霸权心态和中国的崛起,这两者之间形成了一种反差和刺激,让今天的美国人心态变了。说白了就是美国的帝国主义大国心态在作祟。

长期以来,美国在全世界拥有压倒性的全球霸权,“美国是天下第一”这个认识深深的刻在了一些美国人的骨子里。因此,面对中国的迅速崛起,面对众多领域被中国超越,被中国领先,美国的第一反应就是从各个方面极力去阻挠和打压。

说到这儿,可能很多朋友,特别是从事经贸工作的朋友深有体会,在几十年前,甚至十几年前,美国对中国的态度并非现在这样。那个时候,尽管中美之间存在着诸多分歧,但是作为企业,作为个人,大家对美国的感受并不是今天的遏制甚至敌视。

在这位学者看来,从1978年中国开始改革开放,当时中国的崛起是在一个相对稳定而且,对中国非常有利的国际环境中进行的。当时的中美之间处于一个非常良好的互动关系当中,当时的美苏冷战,美国从战略上需要拉拢中国,而与此同时,当年的中国经济刚刚开始改革开放,处于市场经济的发展起步阶段,跟美国,跟世界比都落后太多,差距巨大。

这个时候美国社会对中国的心态,除了战略上的要拉拢的盟友之外,还有一层认识就是贫弱的中国不会对美国构成威胁,甚至还可以通过帮助中国,满足很多美国人施舍般的优越感。

虽然中美两国有着不同的社会制度,但那个时候在美国社会看来,他们可以通过帮助中国发展经济,改变中国的社会制度,他们认为中国在现代化过程中会走向西化。这种心态在西方人中很普遍,他们认为这个世界的现代化之路只有西方一条,中国想走向现代化,走向经济成功,最终一定会西化。

就这样,美国对中国的这种态度持续了几十年的时间,那么是从什么时候开始改变的呢?在这位学者看来,转折点发生在2008年。这一年,中国成功举办了北京奥运会,这一年世界爆发了金融危机。

这一次的金融危机给美国经济造成的伤害非常大,是自1931年以来,美国从来没有遇到过的大危机。在这位学者看来,一直到今天,美国和西方都没有从这场危机中真正走出来,经济仍然处于疲软状态。

然而,通过2008年奥运会向世界展示了自己已经今非昔比的国力的中国,虽然同样经历了这场经济危机,却很快走了出来,很快就恢复了之前的高速增长。到了2014年,按照购买力平价的方法计算,中国的GDP赶上了美国。为什么说2008年是个转折点呢?因为中国经过几十年的高速发展,已经不再是那个贫弱的东方大国,已经以一个蒸蒸日上的经济强国的面貌出现了。

这个时候,中美之间的力量对比发生了变化,中国经济不再是微不足道的存在,相反已经开始威胁到美国长期霸占的经济总量世界第一的位置。更关键的是,中国在自己实现现代化的道路上,不但没有改变自己去追随西方的道路,相反中国对自己选择的道路越来越自信。自信来自于成功,中国经济的成功,中国对世界金融危机的成功抵御,都在强化着中国人的道路自信。

西方人有些人一直期待着不改变自己道路的中国,会遭遇危机,结果遭遇危机的反而恰恰是自己。这个时候,面对经济的停滞,面对传统劳动阶层对失业、收入下降的不满,美国社会的焦虑开始蔓延,随之而来的是民粹主义的兴起。

多方面因素综合的结果就是,中国这个从1972年开始的合作伙伴,逐渐被美国社会视为是威胁和挑战。美国社会对中国的这种认识,随着特朗普政府的当选,全面又系统的浮出了水面。

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