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《紐約時報》:疫情強化中國制造業地位,美國一些政客願望落空 – 有海水的地方就有中國人

《紐約時報》:疫情強化中國制造業地位,美國一些政客願望落空

《紐約時報》:疫情強化中國制造業地位,美國一些政客願望落空
2,945

原标题:《纽约时报》:疫情强化中国制造业地位,美国一些政客愿望落空  据海关总署数据,中国11月出口实现连续三个月正增长,增速创20个月新高。这既证明国内疫情防控得当、经济复苏,也反映出全球对中国商品的需求不断上升。  《纽约时报》14日称,中国11月对美国出口按美元计价达519.8亿美元,同比上涨46.1%,创下历史纪录。这令那些指望借疫情“减少贸易逆差、促进制造业回流”的美国两党政客们,愿望落空了。《纽约时报》:美国人被困家中,与中国的贸易回升《纽约时报》:美国人被困家中,与中国的贸易回升  今年1月底,中国率先向全世界通报新冠病毒的发现、以举国之力抗击疫情时,美国商务部长罗斯竟抛出“疫情有助于加速制造业回流美国”等言论。  5月份,美国疫情肆虐、联邦政府糟糕的抗疫作为受到广泛批评之际,总统特朗普还说,“美国必须是制造业强国,我们正召回制造业。”  《纽约时报》形容,不管特朗普嘴上说了什么、对中国加征多少关税,几乎没有迹象显示全球供应链正返回美国。疫情对美国造成的持久影响,反而“似乎强化了中国的制造业地位。”  文章援引中国海关总署的出口数据,承认中国迅速有效地控制住疫情,从而比美国更迅速地大规模复工。不过,作者却坚持认为,中国对美出口的猛增,是新冠疫情的“副产品”。  其理由是,疫情导致美国服务业受到重创、许多人居家隔离或工作,令消费者原本计划花在度假、看电影、外出聚餐上的资金,只能用于在网上购买家具、电器、健身器材、玩具等。这对于全球最大制造业国家中国来说,是个利好。  一家生产线在中国的美国玩具公司老板杰·佛尔曼表示,他3、4月份时一度对生意前景感到“恐慌”。但从6月份开始,美国国内需求开始高于以往。当时,美国正解除春季的隔离措施,消费迎来反弹。  “所有人都意识到我们不需要减少从亚洲和中国的进口,我们需要进口更多。”他说。  除了11月以外,IHS Markit公司从美国海关收集的数据也显示,今年前10个月,美国对中国的消费者电子产品、口罩等个人防护物资的进口需求旺盛。  彼得森国际经济研究所高级研究员、 雪城大学经济学教授玛丽·洛芙丽认为,今年美国从外国进口总值较去年将进一步下降,但中国在进口中的占比可能会增加。  “总的来说,中国迅速复苏的经济、在美国人寻求购买的商品来源中的主导(生产)地位,已经压倒了特朗普加征关税的阻碍。”  目前,当选总统拜登并没有透露他是否会取消特朗普政府加征的关税。许多美国公司的关税豁免将于年底到期,但特朗普还没有就这一问题做出表态。  纽约全球贸易数据公司Panjiva分析师克里斯·罗杰斯认为,美国公司依然有可能从中国搬回美国,但疫情期间“显然不是好时机”,因为转移供应链代价不菲,且需要时间。  有的美国企业则对于留在中国更加抱有信心。佛尔曼称,他去年曾考虑过将玩具生产线转移到越南或印尼,但“到最后,留在中国成为最好的决定”。  “中国依然有全世界最好的生产供应链,事实是,他们有能力比任何国家更快、更有效率地应对疫情。中国显然已经测试了边界并证明他们能经受住风暴,哪怕是一百年未见的大风暴。”

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