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超英反美?中國超燃沖壓發動機打破世界記錄 – 有海水的地方就有中國人

超英反美?中國超燃沖壓發動機打破世界記錄

超英反美?中國超燃沖壓發動機打破世界記錄
7,667

超燃冲压发动机

在世界发动机历史进程中,美国曾经在超燃冲压发动机领域占据领先地位,先后发展了多个超燃冲压发动机领域技术验证项目,而且最近美国还与澳大利亚共同研究了低成本HIFiRE超燃冲压发动机,不过遇到了技术瓶颈,该技术迟迟没有取得重大进展。

在世界发动机历史进程中。反观中国却在超燃冲压发动机研究领域上后发制人,近年来取得了许多举世睹目的成就,可以说中国已经在超燃冲压发动机方面已经领先于世界。

突破关键技术瓶颈在于解决燃料转化效率

想要突破冲压发动机技术瓶颈的关键在于如何解决发动机推力不足和燃料燃烧不稳定的问题,简单地说就是将压缩过的高超声速气体在发动机燃烧室中充分地燃烧,使能量转化率达到最高,这一点上,我国姜宗林及其团队已经取得了重大的突破。

近日,姜宗林领导的科研团队在《中国航空学报》发表了一篇重要论文,文中介绍到了一种新型“站立式斜爆轰冲压发动机”,引发了高超音速飞行器冲压发动机技术变革。

在对这款新型冲压发动机进行测试时,它在推力、燃料燃烧效率和操作难度上都优于传统冲压发动机,据悉,配备这款新型“站立式斜爆轰冲压发动机”的飞行器可以在两小时内绕地球飞行一圈。

这款发动机为何如此强大?

姜宗林及其团队在论文中认真地为我们科普了这款“站立式斜爆轰冲压发动机”,他们发现高超声速燃烧过程中产生的“爆轰效应”,能在极其短的时间内释放燃烧所产生的70%的能量,远高于传统的冲压发动机,所以利用“爆轰效应”研制出的发动机具有极高的燃烧效率,大大减少了发动机的尺寸,增加了飞行器体积可调整的范围。

众多研究资料显示,目前只有中国成功实现了这种方法在冲压发动机上的运用,早在上个世纪六七十年代,美国在研制高超音速发动机时发现,飞行器在高速飞行的过程中产生了强大气流,使正在燃烧的燃料很容易熄灭。

此时一个美国人想到,为何不利用冲击波来作为引燃发动机的介质呢?但是这一设想并没有引起美国政府方面的重视,将这个计划束之高阁,离成功如此之近却放弃了,令人匪夷所思。

目前这个技术虽然说是主要用作于飞机运输领域,但是我国在冲压发动机技术上超越美国,未来可能发展高超音速战斗机和高超声速巡航导弹,到那时我国的军事实力又得到进一步提升。

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