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TikTok再訴美國政府,挑戰CFIUS總統令 – 有海水的地方就有中國人

TikTok再訴美國政府,挑戰CFIUS總統令

TikTok再訴美國政府,挑戰CFIUS總統令
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【环球网报道】据美国彭博社报道,美国当地时间11月10日,TikTok在美国哥伦比亚特区的上诉法院提起诉讼,申请法院叫停美国总统特朗普8月14日颁发的总统令,该命令强制要求字节跳动公司在11月12日之前剥离TikTok美国业务。

彭博社报道截图

TikTok 当天针对新诉讼发布声明称,尽管不同意CFIUS之前的评估结果,TikTok一年来与CFIUS积极沟通,以解决其国家安全顾虑。但针对TikTok提出的全面数据隐私与安全框架,CFIUS尚未提供任何实质性反馈。由于临近总统令生效期限且没有获得延期执行,TikTok不得不向法院上诉,以保护公司及员工的合法权益。

在这起诉讼中,美国外国投资委员会(以下简称“CFIUS”)、美国总统特朗普、美国财政部长姆努钦和美国司法部长巴尔成为共同被告。这是TikTok方面针对美国政府发起的第四起诉讼。

这一起诉与以往不同。此前,TikTok公司、员工及其平台创作者已经三次起诉美国政府,主要针对特朗普8月6日援引《国际紧急经济权力法》(IEEPA)发布的第一道总统令。9月27日及10月30日,先后有两位美国法官对这一禁令表达疑虑并暂时叫停了相关封禁措施。

图注:TikTok方面四次起诉美国政府的情况

据媒体报道,字节跳动2017年收购音乐短视频应用Musical.ly,而CFIUS在2019年以影响国家安全为由开始对这一交易进行事后调查。今年8月14日,根据该机构的建议,特朗普颁发总统令要求字节跳动在11月12日前必须出售或剥离TikTok美国业务,否则,美国总检察长可以强制关停或拍卖TikTok美国业务。

TikTok在起诉书中称,在与甲骨文、沃尔玛达成的初步协议被美国政府搁置后,TikTok还提交了一份新的美国代运营方案。根据该方案,TikTok计划将美国用户数据及内容审核业务外包给一个新成立的美国代运营公司,而其余业务继续由TikTok运营。TikTok认为,这个代运营方案能够解决美国政府针对用户数据安全与平台内容的全部顾虑,但被美国方面否决。

根据TikTok的说法,CFIUS总统令存在越权问题,因为该命令试图强制剥离字节跳动独立开发的资产,这部分资产与Musical.ly收购交易无关。起诉书公布的信息显示,TikTok美国9800万月活用户中,只有320万在交易前开设Musical.ly账户,强迫剥离这部分以外的资产属于严重越权。

TikTok认为,CFIUS没有给予TikTok充分的机会来评估或回应总统令的相关依据,这违反了正当程序的原则。另外,CFIUS既没有考虑TikTok提出的替代方案,也没有考虑或解释为何相关风险消减措施不能缓解其国家安全担忧,侵犯了TikTok的合法权益。

业内人士分析指出,TikTok起诉CFIUS一案难度大,胜算低。据了解,由于美国法律规定,基于国家安全理由的CFIUS决定一般不受法院的司法审查管辖,因此少有商业公司发起直接挑战。在整个CFIUS审查历史上的数百个案例中,只有三一重工这一家公司曾经尝试通过法院起诉的方式,挑战CFIUS决定。尽管如此,三一重工起诉成功后,也只是获得了正当程序的裁决。最终,三一重工仍然是剥离了其美国业务才与CFIUS达成和解。

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