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妄圖彎道超車!印度10年內裝備隱身無人轟炸機,美國也趕不上 – 有海水的地方就有中國人

妄圖彎道超車!印度10年內裝備隱身無人轟炸機,美國也趕不上

妄圖彎道超車!印度10年內裝備隱身無人轟炸機,美國也趕不上
2,924

根据印度空军的2030年远景规划,印度要在2030年建成一支完全由国产武器装备组成的空军作战体系。当然,这种计划在印度历史上出现了许许多多次,并没有一次成功。

妄图弯道超车!印度10年内装备隐身无人轰炸机,美国也赶不上

在这个新体系中,印度自研的AMCA中型隐身战机是体系的核心,负责深入敌方境内执行高风险任务。而现有的光辉LCA发展而来的轻重两型四代战斗机,将成为整个空军的中坚力量,执行大多数作战任务,其中轻型的单发版被称为MWF,重型的双发版则是ORCA。除此之外便是无人隐身轰炸机(GHATAK),无人战斗机(WINGMAN),以及负责战场监视,情报支援工作的长航时无人机(RUSTOM-II)。

整个规划蕴含的基本思想还是非常先进的,是非常优秀的PPT项目,但是除去LCA与长航时无人机外,其他的都还处于设计甚至验证阶段。LCA经过数十年的研发如今艰难入列服役,长航时无人机于近期进行了成功的试飞。而那些处于设计阶段的装备虽然遥遥无期,但从中不难看出印度空军的”高瞻远瞩”,没有什么现实性。

妄图弯道超车!印度10年内装备隐身无人轰炸机,美国也赶不上

印度最早于2012年对外宣布要研发隐身无人轰炸机,他们制定了雄心勃勃的计划,准备在3年内完成首飞,并原定于2017年列装部队。这种轰炸机的重量与战斗机相当,约15吨,采用了中等展弦比的飞翼布局设计,强调隐身与一定的超音速飞行能力,在这方面与我国的攻击-11型无人机相似,不过后者已经服役,而印度的还在吹风洞。除此之外透露的信息就不多了,比如动力系统,尾喷管的技术特征等,都不得而知。有趣的是,如果印度实现了他们原本的计划,那意味着他们可能在这个领域,把美国甩在了后面。当然这只是”如果”。

被称为WINGMAN的无人战斗机,在CG中展现的外形与美军的忠诚僚机非常相似,不过连后者都还处于试验阶段,印度自然只能画饼充饥。这当中最接近实用的,是RUSTOM-II长航时无人机,已经在试飞,在技术水平上介于彩虹-3与彩虹-4之间,只是一种中型中空长航时无人机,察打一体,作为一种低成本、消耗品的侦察机是合格的。所以问题的关键是产量。届时,印度国防工业能实现邻近东方大国1/10的产能,就很不错了……

妄图弯道超车!印度10年内装备隐身无人轰炸机,美国也赶不上

而以LCA为基础发展MWF与ORCA两种战斗机,其中ORCA的整个工作量与设计新机其实差不太多,10年的时间肯定不足以实现,甚至恐怕需要20年时间。而MWF战机项目,则相对较为容易的实现,该机目前采用的是无尾三角翼布局,可以缩小机翼面积,在前机身加装鸭翼实现大幅度的性能提升。印度空军计划在2030年前采购200架MWF战机,用来取代老旧的中型第4代战机,也就是与外购飞机一起替代目前老旧的MIG-29与幻影2000。考虑到印度的实际能力,从2030年开始落实这个计划,就很不错了。

妄图弯道超车!印度10年内装备隐身无人轰炸机,美国也赶不上

最终印度的2030远景规划能够实现多少,其实很大程度上取决于他们能够从外部获得多少技术支持,以及迷一般的财政能力。如今印度与法国在军贸层面的合作越来越频繁,印度有些钱没技术,而法国有技术缺钱,同时由于俄罗斯这个竞争对手的存在,法国乐于向印度提供技术转让相关的服务。

所以印度退出了与俄罗斯联合研发五代机的FGFA项目,转而推动与法国的合作。如果有达索公司的充分协助,加上足够的投入,那么以LCA为基础开发更高性能的MWF战机,是完全可行的。印度落后的经济、社会结构,和非常薄弱的工业、技术能力,发展国防能力只能一直依托外国技术支持。

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